Red-necked Nightjar, Caprimulgus ruficollis, is a species of nightjar found in heathland and shrub and woodland and forest ecosystems. It is a summer visitor breeding in Iberia. The species typically uses lowlands and hillsides, with scattered vegetation and bare ground, in pine woodland, coastal forest, eucalyptus or olive plantations, vineyards, open scrubland with cork oak (Quercus suber), prickly pear (Opuntia) or scattered trees, and dense thickets of broom, gorse (Ulex), bramble (Rubus fruticosus), tree heath (Erica arborea) or pistachio (Pistacea lentiscus) (European Red List 2015).

Caprimulgus ruficollis has a breeding population size of 101000-141000 calling males and a breeding range size of 395000 square kilometres in the EU27. The breeding population trend in the EU27 is Decreasing in the short term and Stable in the long term.

The EU population status of Caprimulgus ruficollis was assessed as Secure, because the species does not meet any of the IUCN Red List criteria for threatened or Near Threatened, or the criteria for Depleted or Declining (the EU27 population or range has not declined by 20% or more since 1980).