Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus, is a species of passerine bird in the bunting family found in heathland and shrub and wetland ecosystems. It is a widespread summer visitor to Greenland, Fennoscandia and arctic Russia. This species breeds in tundra at the edge of the tree-line, where it is found in sedges (Carex) and grasses (Poaceae) interspersed with heather and small trees such as Lapland rhododendron (Rhododendron lapponicum), tamarack (Larix laricina), spruce (Picea) and willow (Salix). In Greenland, it is more often found inland than on the coast and prefers wet swampy land in a low carpet of heath, with crowberry (Empetrum) and dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa)(European Red List 2015).

Calcarius lapponicus has a breeding population size of 138000-529000 pairs and a breeding range size of 81000 square kilometres in the EU27. The breeding population trend in the EU27 is Decreasing in the short term and Stable in the long term.

The EU population status of Calcarius lapponicus was assessed as Near Threatened, because the species comes close to meeting the IUCN Red List criteria at the EU27 scale.