Spanish Imperial Eagle, Aquila adalberti, is a species of day-flying bird of prey found in heathland and shrub ecosystems. It is endemic to Europe, where its entire global range is restricted to central and south-western Iberia. This species occurs in alluvial plains and dunes in the Guadalquivir marshes, plains and hills in central Spain, and high mountain slopes in the Sistema Central and other areas of Portugal, where there is an absence of irrigated farmland. It nests only on trees, typically in the crown (European Red List 2015).

In the EU27, Aquila adalberti is only found in Spain and Portugal and has a breeding population size of 360-380 pairs and a breeding range size of 68600 square kilometres in the EU27. The breeding population trend in the EU27 is Increasing in the short term and Increasing in the long term. Aquila adalberti has a winter population size of 900-1000 individuals in the EU27. The winter population trend in the EU27 is Increasing in the short term and Increasing in the long term.

The EU population status of Aquila adalberti was assessed as Threatened, as the species meets one or more of the IUCN Red List criteria for threatened at the EU27 scale.