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Article 12 > Species summary

Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

IMPORTANT: Due to late delivery by Greece of the Article 12 report for 2008-2012 period, the reported data were not used for the EU population status assessment and are not displayed on this page.
Information on surrogate data for EU assessment is provided in the ‘Audit trail’. To consult 2008-2012 data form Greece filter 'Period' = '2008-2012bis'.
Although not used for the EU population status assessment the spatial data from delayed Article 12 report from Greece are included in the distribution map available by clicking the ‘Map’ button.

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Legend
+
Increasing
0
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
U
Uncertain

Please note that additional information on mouse over values and trends stands for the quality of the underlying data as reported by Member States.

Current selection: 2008-2012, Cuculus canorus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding Population Breeding Range Winter Population Areas from gridded maps (km2)
Population Trend Surface Trend Population Trend
Size&Unit ℹ % MS Period ST Trend Period LT Trend ℹ Area ℹ % MS Period ST Trend Period LT Trend ℹ Size&Unit ℹ % MS Period ST Trend Period LT Trend ℹ Distrib. % MS Range % MS
AT
50000 - 80000 cmales
 2.0 2000-2011 0 1980-2012 x
94947
2.4 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
78600 2.5 88700 2.2
BE
5000 - 10000 cmales
 0.2 2000-2012 - ( - 16) 1980-2012 0 #
29434
# 0.7 2000-2012 0 1980-2012 0 #
29300 0.9 30500 0.8
BG
20000 - 50000 cmales
 1.0 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 + (5 - 10)
122100
3.1 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
116000 3.6 118600 2.9
CZ
DE
42000 - 69000 cmales
 1.8 1998-2009 - (2 - 19) 1990-2009 F #
354861
8.9 1998-2009 0 1985-2009 0 #
346600 10.8 375600 9.3
DK
17000 - 17000 cmales
 # 0.6 1999-2011 0 1980-2011 - (20 - 33) #
42990
1.1 1999-2011 0 1980-2011 0 #
50800 1.6 61200 1.5
EE
30000 - 50000 cmales
 1.3 2001-2012 + (20 - 50) 1980-2012 0
53300
1.3 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
50300 1.6 51700 1.3
ES
850000 - 1260000 cmales
 # 34.0 1998-2012 0 1980-2012 0 #
521696
13.1 1998-2012 + 1980-2012 0 #
460700 14.4 512400 12.7
FI
100000 - 130000 cmales
 3.8 2001-2012 + (8 - 38) 1983-2012 + (35 - 66) #
368200
9.2 2001-2012 x 1980-2010 + (9 - 9)
261600 8.2 367700 9.1
FR
130000 - 220000 cmales
 5.6 2001-2011 + (13 - 13) 1989-2011 0 #
568600
14.2 2001-2012 x 1985-2013 0
406800 12.7 564800 13.9
GR
HU
13400 - 14100 cmales
 # 0.5 1999-2012 - (23 - 23) 1980-2012 - (23 - 23) #
93011
# 2.3 2000-2012 0 1980-2012 0
97700 3.0 96000 2.4
IE
6750 - 16830 i
 # 0.4 1998-2011 0 1980-2011 x #
77100
# 1.9 1991-2011 0 1972-2011 - (26 - 26) #
59500 1.9 76200 1.9
IT
50000 - 100000 cmales
 # 2.4 2000-2012 - (10 - 20) 1990-2012 - (10 - 20)
326100
8.2 2002-2013 + (5 - 5) 1983-2013 + (4 - 4)
302900 9.5 322900 8.0
LT
15000 - 25000 cmales
 0.6 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
73300
1.8 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
70800 2.2 70900 1.8
LU
80 - 100 cmales
 2000-2012 - (10 - 20) 1980-2012 - (30 - 50)
2168
# 0.1 2000-2012 0 1980-2012 0
1400 2100 0.1
LV
317938 - 588478 cmales
 14.2 2005-2012 0 1994-2004 + (22 - 423)
64509
1.6 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
67100 2.1 71400 1.8
NL
5272 - 7030 cmales
 # 0.2 2002-2011 0 1984-2011 - (22 - 42)
42289
1.1 1998-2012 0 1977-2012 0
39100 1.2 41500 1.0
PL
150000 - 200000 p
 # 11.4 2000-2012 0 x #
x x
PT
50000 - 100000 cmales
 2.4 2004-2011 0 1980-2012 x
97800
2.4 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
85500 2.7 92800 2.3
RO
300000 - 600000 cmales
 14.0 2001-2013 F 1980-2012 x
254900
6.4 2001-2013 x 1980-2012 x
38300 1.2 248700 6.1
SE
44000 - 111000 cmales
 # 2.3 2001-2012 + (7 - 21) 1980-2012 - (23 - 39) #
485200
12.1 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 x
321500 10.0 483900 12.0
SI
16000 - 38000 cmales
 0.8 2001-2012 x 1980-2012 x
20037
0.5 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
21400 0.7 22300 0.6
SK
3000 - 5000 cmales
 0.1 2000-2012 - (10 - 20) 1980-2012 - (10 - 20)
56695
1.4 2000-2012 0 1980-2012 0
53300 1.7 56500 1.4
UK
9000 - 24000 cmales
 # 0.5 1998-2010 - (39.70 - 39.70) 1980-2010 - (63.89 - 63.89) #
246700
6.2 1989-2009 0 1970-2009 - (8 - 8) #
245300 7.7 292500 7.2
EU population status assessments
Breeding Population Breeding Range Winter Population Bird Status Contribution
to target 1		 Season Subspecies /
subspecific units
Size & Unit ST Trend LT Trend Area ST Trend LT Trend Size & Unit ST Trend LT Trend Trends Status
EU27 2300000 - 3840000 cmales 0 u 3990000 Secure A B

The hash sign (#) under Subspecies/subspecific units-Trends or Status means that the EU population trends or EU status were not assessed at the same level as the current selection (species and subspecific unit).

In italics, additional assessment at the subspecies or population level (available only for subspecies listed in the Annexes of the Birds Directive).