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Article 12 > Species summary

Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

IMPORTANT: Due to late delivery by Greece of the Article 12 report for 2008-2012 period, the reported data were not used for the EU population status assessment and are not displayed on this page.
Information on surrogate data for EU assessment is provided in the ‘Audit trail’. To consult 2008-2012 data form Greece filter 'Period' = '2008-2012bis'.
Although not used for the EU population status assessment the spatial data from delayed Article 12 report from Greece are included in the distribution map available by clicking the ‘Map’ button.

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Legend
+
Increasing
0
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
U
Uncertain

Please note that additional information on mouse over values and trends stands for the quality of the underlying data as reported by Member States.

Current selection: 2008-2012, Upupa epops. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding Population Breeding Range Winter Population Areas from gridded maps (km2)
Population Trend Surface Trend Population Trend
Size&Unit ℹ % MS Period ST Trend Period LT Trend ℹ Area ℹ % MS Period ST Trend Period LT Trend ℹ Size&Unit ℹ % MS Period ST Trend Period LT Trend ℹ Distrib. % MS Range % MS
AT
600 - 800 p
 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 x
60966
3.0 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
25200 1.8 66000 3.3
BE
0 - 1 p
 2000-2012 x 1980-2012 0 #
330
# 2000-2012 x 1980-2012 - (49 - 49) #
400 400
BG
8000 - 15000 p
 0.8 2001-2012 - (10 - 20) 1980-2012 0
120000
5.9 2001-2012 - (10 - 20) 1980-2012 0
95700 6.8 116700 5.8
CY
400 - 1200 p
 # 2001-2013 0 1980-2012 - (10 - 30)
5500
# 0.3 2001-2013 0 1980-2012 x
4500 0.3 5500 0.3
CZ
DE
650 - 800 p
 1998-2008 + (100 - 211) 1985-2009 + (31 - 400) #
46548
2.3 1998-2009 + (11 - 40) 1985-2009 - (21 - 50)
29500 2.1 48300 2.4
EE
5 - 20 p
 2001-2012 + (20 - 50) 1980-2012 - (20 - 50)
5000
0.2 2001-2012 + (20 - 50) 1980-2012 - (76 - 76)
2700 0.2 5000 0.2
ES
715000 - 1210000 p
 # 67.8 1998-2012 0 1980-2012 0 #
505857
25.1 1998-2012 0 1980-2012 0 #
462300 33.1 499100 24.8
ESIC
2500 - 10000 p
 # 0.4 2001-2012 - 1980-2012 - #
7850
# 0.4 2000-2012 - 1980-2012 -
8000 0.6 10300 0.5
FR
50000 - 90000 p
 4.8 2001-2011 + (17 - 17) 1989-2011 0
412500
20.4 2001-2012 x 1985-2013 0
251800 18.0 413500 20.5
GR
HU
5700 - 6800 p
 # 0.4 1999-2012 x 1980-2012 - (30 - 50) #
93011
# 4.6 2000-2012 x 1980-2012 x
69900 5.0 96000 4.8
IT
20000 - 50000 p
 2.3 2001-2012 x 1980-2012 x #
327400
16.2 2002-2013 + (4 - 4) 1983-2013 + (16 - 16)
289800 20.7 326400 16.2
LT
300 - 500 p
 2001-2012 + (5 - 10) 1980-2012 + (5 - 10)
18400
0.9 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
9400 0.7 18400 0.9
LV
160 - 250 p
 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
38673
1.9 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
10000 0.7 42300 2.1
PL
33000 - 61000 p
 # 3.2 2000-2012 + (60 - 140) x #
x x
PT
100000 - 500000 p
 17.8 2004-2011 0 1980-2012 x
97700
4.8 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
83700 6.0 92900 4.6
PTMA
500 - 1000 p
 # 0.1 2001-2012 0 1980-2012 0
400
2001-2012 0 1980-2012 x
400 400
RO
20000 - 40000 p
 2.0 2001-2013 x 1980-2012 x
226200
11.2 2001-2013 x 1980-2012 x
18700 1.3 214900 10.7
SE
0 - 1 p
 # 2001-2012 - (100 - 100) 1980-2012 - (90 - 100) #
300
2001-2012 0 1980-2012 - (100 - 100)
300 300
SI
450 - 750 p
 # 2001-2012 - (40 - 50) 1980-2012 - (50 - 60) #
10108
0.5 2001-2012 - (20 - 30) 1980-2012 - (50 - 60) #
8900 0.6 11000 0.5
SK
500 - 800 p
 2000-2012 - (1 - 10) 1980-2012 - (10 - 25)
41396
2.1 2000-2012 - (1 - 10) 1980-2012 - (10 - 25)
27400 2.0 44900 2.2
EU population status assessments
Breeding Population Breeding Range Winter Population Bird Status Contribution
to target 1		 Season Subspecies /
subspecific units
Size & Unit ST Trend LT Trend Area ST Trend LT Trend Size & Unit ST Trend LT Trend Trends Status
EU27 1010000 - 2070000 p 0 u 2010000 Secure A B

The hash sign (#) under Subspecies/subspecific units-Trends or Status means that the EU population trends or EU status were not assessed at the same level as the current selection (species and subspecific unit).

In italics, additional assessment at the subspecies or population level (available only for subspecies listed in the Annexes of the Birds Directive).