Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Alauda arvensis. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT estimatePartial
BE estimatePartial
BG estimatePartial
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK estimatePartial
EE estimatePartial
ES estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GIB
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT completeSurvey
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
MT
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimatePartial
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GIB
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
MT
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI absentData
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY estimatePartial
CZ
DE
DK
EE
ES
FI
FR
GIB estimatePartial
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT estimateExpert
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
90000
140000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.4
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-10) 1981-2018 x N/A 51500 1.7 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-17) 1981-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 47700 1.6
BE
25800
39000
32400
p
estimate
method
0.1
2008-2018 - -38 | -27 | (-33) 1973-2018 - -78 | -66 | (-72) 30493 # 1.0 2008-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 = N/A 31500 1.0
BG
400000
1200000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2.5
2001-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 106217 3.5 2001-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 110500 3.7
CY
150000 1300000 N/A i estimate method # N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A other
CZ
600000
1200000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2.9
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-4) 1982-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-2) # 83500 2.8 2002-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-0.48) 1986-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-0.79) # 79100 2.6
DE
1200000
1850000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
4.8
2004-2016 - -14 | -7 | (-11) 1980-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-55) 351626 11.7 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (0) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (0) 366200 12.1
DK
N/A
N/A
660650
p
estimate
genuine
#
2.1
2006-2017 - -23.51 | -10.29 | (-17.14) 1980-2017 - -59.48 | -46.52 | (-53.44) # 59200 2.0 1996-2017 = N/A | N/A | (0.85) 1974-2017 = N/A | N/A | (-0.33) # 58900 1.9
EE
450000
550000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.6
2007-2018 - -33 | -28 | (N/A) 1983-2018 - -66 | -58 | (N/A) 55000 1.8 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (1) 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-1) 34000 1.1
ES
1295000
1890000
N/A
p
interval
knowledge
5.0
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-26.5) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-30) 102754 3.4 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-15) 1980-2018 - N/A 104200 3.5
FI
180642
220629
203681
p
interval
genuine
0.7
2007-2018 - 15 | 32 | (24) 1980-2018 - 44 | 67 | (57) 172100 5.7 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2010 - 19 | 19 | (N/A) 171800 5.7
FR
1300000
2000000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
5.2
2007-2018 - -33 | -15 | (N/A) 1996-2017 - -39 | -28 | (-34) 430600 14.3 2009-2018 = -5 | 0 | (N/A) 1985-2013 - -5 | 0 | (-3) 427400 14.2
GIB
1 5 5 i mean noChange N/A 2001-2018 F -1 | 5 | (5) 1980-2012 = 0 | 0 | (0) other
GR
50000
150000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.3
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 59800 2.0 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 54600 1.8
HR
100000
500000
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
0.9
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 19098 0.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 61300 2.0
HU
1180000
1266000
N/A
p
interval
knowledge
#
3.9
2007-2018 - -35 | -20 | (N/A) 1999-2018 - -40 | -26 | (N/A) # 92830 # 3.1 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 93200 3.1
IE
204138
402724
301800
i
interval
genuine
#
N/A
2006-2016 - -16.3 | -4.6 | (-10.7) 1980-2016 x N/A 73800 2.5 2006-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-12) 1972-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-23.8) # 73200 2.4
IT
350000
500000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.4
2012-2017 - -25 | -15 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 400 | 600 | (N/A) 237800 7.9 2007-2018 = N/A 1993-2018 + 10 | 15 | (N/A) 236700 7.8
LT
400000
900000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2.1
2013-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -10 | 0 | (N/A) 73500 2.4 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 71000 2.4
LU
4200
5600
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
2007-2018 - -40 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -60 | -40 | (N/A) # 1350 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 2400
LV
558537
909223
711077
p
interval
genuine
2.2
2005-2018 - -30.3 | -3.4 | (-17.8) 1995-2018 - -39.92 | -6.87 | (N/A) 65300 2.2 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-15) 1980-2017 = N/A | N/A | (-0.9) 63200 2.1
MT
650 1200 N/A i estimate noInfo N/A 2008-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) other
NL
35000
45000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.1
2006-2017 - -17 | -4 | (-10) 1984-2017 - -75 | -68 | (-72) 41600 1.4 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (-7.96) 1977-2015 = N/A | N/A | (-9.76) 38000 1.3
PL
10000000
10840000
N/A
p
interval
genuine
33.0
2007-2018 - -30 | -23 | (-27) 1980-2018 x N/A # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
10000
50000
N/A
p
estimate
method
#
0.1
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 5600 # 0.2 2005-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-80) 1980-2018 = N/A # 5500 0.2
RO
6690206
7367074
N/A
p
interval
method
22.3
2008-2018 = -4 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 204800 6.8 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 199900 6.6
SE
543000
1058000
800000
p
estimate
noChange
2.5
2007-2018 = -13 | 0 | (-7) 1980-2018 - -73 | -68 | (-70) 345800 11.5 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 345300 11.4
SI
5900
11000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2008-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-58) 1980-2018 x N/A 6700 # 0.2 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) # 6100 0.2
SK
200000
350000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.9
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - -10 | -1 | (N/A) 49020 1.6 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 52400 1.7
UK
N/A
N/A
1556054
p
estimate
genuine
#
4.9
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-14.14) 1980-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-54.37) # 287000 9.5 1989-2009 = 0.28 | 0.28 | (N/A) 1970-2009 = N/A # 285300 9.4
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 23300000 31700000 p - - 3040000 NE NE 150000 1310000 i NE NE Declining Not evaluated C B Declining Alauda arvensis