Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Warning: The map does not show the distribution for sensitive species in GR

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Sensitive spatial information for this species is not shown in the map. Current selection: 2013-2018, Ardea alba. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CY
CZ
DE completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR completeSurvey
HU completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU
LV estimatePartial
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT
RO estimateExpert
SI
SK estimatePartial
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CY
CZ
DE estimateExpert
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR estimatePartial
HU completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT
RO estimateExpert
SI
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE estimatePartial
BG completeSurvey
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
EE
ES estimatePartial
FR estimateExpert
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU estimatePartial
IT estimatePartial
LT
LU estimatePartial
LV
NL estimatePartial
PL completeSurvey
PT completeSurvey
RO estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimatePartial
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
329
780
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
5.7
2007-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-22) 1981-2017 + N/A | N/A | (150) 700 0.6 2007-2017 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1981-2017 = N/A | N/A | (0) 600 0.5
BE
2
3
2
p
estimate
genuine
#
2012-2018 + N/A | N/A | (200) 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (200) # 86 # 2012-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 = N/A # 500 900 700 i estimate genuine 1.2 2007-2018 + 253 | 489 | (356) 1992-2018 + 9633 | 23596 | (15078) keywintering & I 100
BG
10
50
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.3
2000-2018 + 0 | 40 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 0 | 40 | (N/A) 33552 27.7 2000-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 600 2000 N/A i estimate knowledge 2.3 2013-2018 + 10 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 20 | (N/A) keywintering & I 36200 28.4
CY
10 50 N/A i estimate method # 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering & I
CZ
867 1444 N/A i estimate noChange # 2.1 2008-2019 + N/A | N/A | (15) 1980-2019 + N/A | N/A | (16) # keywintering & I
DE
N/A
N/A
12
p
estimate
noChange
0.1
2012-2016 + 94 | 552 | (264) 1980-2016 x N/A 164 0.1 2004-2016 x N/A 1980-2016 x N/A N/A N/A 10000 i mean genuine 17.8 2003-2016 + 1355 | 1728 | (1532) 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) # keywintering & I 200 0.2
EE
100
300
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2.1
2006-2017 + 50 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (10) 2600 2.1 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (97) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (100) 2600 2.0
ES
38
156
98
p
interval
genuine
1.0
2007-2018 + 15.18 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + N/A # 25581 21.1 2007-2018 + 7.2 | 300 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (100) # N/A N/A 2321 i estimate genuine # 4.1 2007-2018 + 12.74 | 292.01000 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (11) keywintering & I 27000 21.2
FR
N/A
N/A
601
p
estimate
genuine
6.2
2007-2014 + N/A | N/A | (223) 1994-2014 + 19933 | 29950 | (N/A) # 9200 7.6 2009-2018 + 100 | 200 | (N/A) 1994-2018 + N/A | N/A | (9100) # 10000 20000 N/A i estimate noChange # 26.8 2007-2017 + 113 | 156 | (134) 1980-2017 + 50000 | 150000 | (N/A) keywintering & I 9200 7.2
GR
N/A
N/A
121
p
estimate
genuine
1.2
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (240) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (438) 5200 4.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 2500 4000 N/A i estimate knowledge 5.8 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (103) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (123) keywintering & I 5200 4.1
HR
115
180
N/A
p
mean
N/A
1.5
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + 300 | 400 | (N/A) 11 2007-2018 + 300 | 400 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 300 | 400 | (N/A) 1500 2500 N/A i estimate N/A 3.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2013 x N/A keywintering & I 2200 1.7
HU
4173
4666
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
45.7
2007-2018 = N/A 1976-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1424) # 13187 # 10.9 2000-2018 + N/A | N/A | (9) 1976-2018 + N/A | N/A | (407) # 500 3000 N/A i estimate noChange # 3.1 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 + 900 | 2900 | (N/A) # keywintering & I 13400 10.5
IT
234
608
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
4.3
2002-2018 + 175 | 510 | (N/A) 1990-2018 + 23300 | 60700 | (N/A) # 6800 5.6 2007-2018 + 65 | 70 | (N/A) 1990-2018 + N/A | N/A | (4800) # 6658 7269 N/A i estimate genuine 12.4 2009-2015 = N/A 1991-2015 + 545 | 605 | (N/A) keywintering & I 6800 5.3
LT
500
700
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
6.2
2013-2018 + 2000 | 3000 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 50000 | 70000 | (N/A) 3300 2.7 2006-2018 + 1000 | 1500 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 1000 | 1500 | (N/A) 3300 2.6
LU
40 80 N/A i estimate genuine # 0.1 2007-2018 + 400 | 600 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 600 | (N/A) # keywintering & I
LV
750
1000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
9.1
2012-2018 + 747.13 | 764.82 | (761.68) 2000-2017 + 85962 | 86841 | (N/A) 7000 5.8 2000-2017 + N/A | N/A | (1650) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (1650) 7000 5.5
NL
150
340
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2.5
2006-2017 + 191 | 340 | (258) 1980-2017 + 124566 | 648634 | (286911) 2400 2.0 2000-2015 + N/A | N/A | (300) 1980-2015 + N/A | N/A | (2300) 4909 9809 7635 i mean genuine 13.6 2006-2017 + 283 | 772 | (478) 1981-2017 + 124041 | 326722 | (201325) keywintering & I 2400 1.9
PL
168
489
335
p
estimate
genuine
3.5
2007-2018 + 20 | 140 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 16800 | 48900 | (N/A) # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 200 2100 600 i minimum noChange 1.1 2011-2018 + 24 | 245 | (110) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering & I N/A N/A
PT
90 129 116 i mean N/A 0.2 2007-2018 + 98 | 217 | (151) 1988-2018 + N/A keywintering & I
RO
400
1000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
7.2
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + 0 | 19 | (N/A) 10500 8.7 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 123 2150 N/A i mean knowledge 2.0 2013-2018 - -8.92 | -2.02000 | (N/A) 2000-2018 = -1.16 | 4.77 | (N/A) keywintering & I 10500 8.2
SI
420 900 N/A i estimate genuine 1.2 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (22) 1980-2018 + 1200 | 1600 | (N/A) # keywintering & I
SK
250
350
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
3.1
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 50 | 100 | (N/A) 653 0.5 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (75) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (75) 1000 1600 N/A i estimate noChange 2.3 2007-2018 + 40 | 80 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 300 | (N/A) keywintering & I 700 0.6
UK
8
10
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
2012-2016 + N/A | N/A | (350) 2012-2016 + N/A | N/A | (350) # 200 0.2 1989-2009 + N/A 1970-2009 + N/A # N/A N/A 72 i mean noChange # 0.1 2012-2016 x N/A 2012-2016 x N/A keywintering & I N/A N/A
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 7700 10800 p + + 110000 NE NE 43100 71200 i + + Secure Secure A B Secure Ardea alba