Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Aythya fuligula. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE estimatePartial
BG
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK estimatePartial
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR
HR absentData
HU estimatePartial
IE estimatePartial
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU completeSurvey
LV estimateExpert
NL completeSurvey
PL estimateExpert
PT
PTAC
RO absentData
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR
HR absentData
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT
PTAC
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI absentData
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK completeSurvey
EE completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR absentData
HU estimatePartial
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT completeSurvey
PTAC absentData
RO estimatePartial
SE completeSurvey
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
700
1000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.4
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1981-2018 + N/A | N/A | (100) 11500 0.9 2007-2018 u N/A 1981-2018 + 15 | 30 | (N/A) 13300 30100 N/A i estimate genuine 1.9 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (33) 1981-2014 = N/A | N/A | (2) keywintering 10900 0.9
BE
1800
3000
2400
p
estimate
method
1.0
2008-2018 + 14 | 710 | (204) 1973-2018 + 800 | 1400 | (1100) # 23104 # 1.8 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (80.51) 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (346.97) 13000 20000 16000 i interval noChange 1.4 2007-2018 = -21 | 13 | (-6) 1992-2018 - -29 | -4 | (-18) keywintering 21800 1.7
BG
1079 5628 N/A i estimate genuine 0.3 2000-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 - -90 | -5 | (N/A) keywintering
CY
3 19 N/A i estimate genuine # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -40 | -10 | (N/A) keywintering
CZ
9000
18000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
5.8
2001-2017 - -25 | -25 | (N/A) 1981-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-6) # 41800 3.3 2002-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-15.59) 1986-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-14.05000) # 3869 6068 N/A i estimate N/A 0.4 2008-2019 = N/A | N/A | (1) 1980-2019 + N/A | N/A | (2) # keywintering 41400 3.3
DE
21000
31000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
11.3
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (6) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (38) # 225509 17.8 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) N/A N/A 270000 i mean genuine 24.0 2003-2016 - -17 | -10 | (-13) 1980-2016 = -16 | -10 | (-13) keywintering 236300 18.7
DK
N/A
N/A
524
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.2
2006-2017 - -67.63 | -29.59 | (-51.96) 1985-2017 = -22.47 | 30.38 | (0.64) # 21100 1.7 1996-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-14.57) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (117.52) # N/A N/A 91266 i estimate genuine # 8.1 2006-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-50) 1987-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-50) # keywintering 21000 1.7
EE
3000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.7
2006-2017 = 67 | 71 | (N/A) 1980-2017 - -144 | -9 | (N/A) # 28900 2.3 2007-2018 = 17 | 18 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 8 | 10 | (N/A) 3000 5000 N/A i estimate genuine # 0.3 2006-2017 + N/A | N/A | (50) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (50) keywintering 17200 1.4
ES
1
3
N/A
p
interval
knowledge
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 7245 0.6 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 1896 2460 2108 i estimate knowledge 0.2 2007-2018 u -80 | 45 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) keywintering 6900 0.6
FI
33722
79908
58549
p
mean
method
#
25.4
2007-2018 - 34 | 54 | (45) 1986-2018 - 56 | 65 | (61) 163800 12.9 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 - 10 | 10 | (N/A) 26405 66737 44195 i minimum genuine 3.9 2007-2018 + 4 | 335 | (64) 1980-2018 + 8746 | 15551 | (38023) keywintering 163600 12.9
FR
2000
3200
N/A
p
estimate
method
1.1
2012-2018 + 50 | 100 | (N/A) 1985-2018 + 400 | 500 | (N/A) 54700 4.3 2013-2018 + N/A | N/A | (50) 1985-2018 + 50 | 125 | (N/A) 34100 40300 37100 i estimate genuine 3.3 2007-2017 - -27 | -4 | (-16) 1980-2017 - -58 | -51 | (-55) keywintering 53400 4.2
GR
10500 11500 N/A i estimate knowledge 1.0 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering
HR
N/A
N/A
0
p
minimum
N/A
#
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 1691 # 0.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A 0 i minimum N/A # 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering 8300 0.7
HU
0
50
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
2007-2018 - -33 | -29 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 0 | 100 | (N/A) # 2400 0.2 2013-2018 - -100 | -60 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 3000 3500 N/A i estimate genuine # 0.3 2007-2018 F N/A 1996-2018 - -87 | -74 | (N/A) # keywintering 2400 0.2
IE
606
808
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.3
2000-2011 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2011 x N/A # 20200 # 1.6 1999-2011 = 0 | 12 | (N/A) 1972-2011 - N/A | N/A | (-22) # N/A N/A 16927 i mean genuine # 1.5 2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-47) 1987-2016 x N/A keywintering 19900 1.6
IT
60
80
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2009-2012 + 10 | 20 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 430 | 1100 | (N/A) 8900 0.7 2007-2018 + 20 | 25 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 910 | 915 | (N/A) 6792 7370 N/A i estimate genuine 0.6 2009-2015 = N/A 1991-2015 - -20 | -5 | (N/A) keywintering 8900 0.7
LT
1800
2300
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.9
2013-2018 - -23 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = N/A 8200 0.7 2006-2018 - -20 | -15 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -40 | -30 | (N/A) 8300 0.7
LU
5
7
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 700 | (N/A) 35 # 2007-2013 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 200 | (N/A) 100 250 N/A i mean noChange # 2007-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 0 | 50 | (N/A) keywintering 600
LV
800
1000
N/A
p
estimate
method
0.4
2000-2018 = -9.38 | -7.96 | (-8.71) 1991-2017 = N/A 7500 0.6 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-31) 1980-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-48) 8 1658 N/A i estimate noInfo 2009-2018 u -95.4 | 56977.7 | (1572.4) 1991-2018 + 50.7 | 2286.8 | (521.4) keywintering 7500 0.6
NL
20000
24000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
9.5
2006-2017 = -4 | 13 | (4) 1984-2017 + 39 | 89 | (62) 42500 3.4 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (4.16) 1977-2015 + N/A | N/A | (32.81) 188333 220983 204888 i mean noChange 18.2 2006-2017 = -20 | 9 | (-6) 1981-2017 = -21 | 13 | (-6) keywintering 40100 3.2
PL
2000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
1.5
2007-2018 - -65 | -20 | (-47) 1980-2018 - -80 | -50 | (N/A) # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 11300 58700 36900 i minimum genuine 3.3 2011-2018 + 7 | 54 | (28) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering N/A N/A
PT
79 301 179 i mean N/A 2007-2018 u -18 | 78 | (N/A) 1988-2018 u N/A # keywintering
PTAC
N/A N/A N/A N/A minimum N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering
RO
1
3
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 F -100 | 300 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F -100 | 300 | (N/A) 200 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A 9219 17800 N/A i mean genuine 1.2 2013-2018 u -4.68 | 2.49 | (N/A) 2000-2018 u -3.89 | 7.69 | (N/A) keywintering 200
SE
53000
93000
75000
p
estimate
noChange
32.5
2007-2018 = -3 | 53 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = -60 | 10 | (N/A) # 409400 32.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 160000 200000 180000 i mean genuine 16.0 2007-2018 + 4 | 46 | (24) 1980-2018 + 120 | 165 | (143) keywintering 407700 32.2
SI
70
110
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (143) 1980-2018 x N/A 700 # 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-35) # 800 3000 N/A i estimate genuine 0.2 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (144) 1980-2018 - -70 | -60 | (N/A) keywintering 700
SK
250
500
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.2
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 10330 0.8 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 7000 23000 N/A i estimate knowledge 1.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 1000 | 3000 | (N/A) # keywintering 11000 0.9
UK
16561
18927
N/A
p
interval
noChange
7.7
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-40.4) 1980-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-1.38) # 177800 14.0 1989-2009 + 14.05000 | 14.05000 | (N/A) 1970-2009 + 29.22 | 29.22 | (N/A) N/A N/A 140559 i mean method # 12.5 2005-2016 = N/A | N/A | (1) 1980-2016 + N/A | N/A | (38.9) keywintering 176400 13.9
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 166000 288000 p - - 1260000 NE NE 1000000 1230000 i - = Threatened Secure C B Secure Aythya fuligula