Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Bucephala clangula. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE
BG
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT estimatePartial
LU
LV estimateExpert
NL completeSurvey
PL estimateExpert
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI
SK
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE
BG
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT estimatePartial
LU
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
RO estimatePartial
SE estimatePartial
SI
SK
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK completeSurvey
EE completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU estimatePartial
IE estimatePartial
IT estimatePartial
LT completeSurvey
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
RO estimatePartial
SE completeSurvey
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
25
30
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 + 30 | 60 | (N/A) 1981-2018 + 3000 | 6000 | (N/A) # 1400 0.1 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (56) 1981-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1400) # 1800 2700 N/A i estimate genuine 0.6 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-21) 1981-2014 - N/A | N/A | (-11) keywintering 1400 0.2
BE
230 350 290 i interval genuine 2007-2018 - -54 | -29 | (-43) 1992-2018 - -45 | -17 | (-33) keywintering
BG
140 400 N/A i estimate genuine # 2000-2018 = 0 | 5 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F N/A # keywintering
CZ
100
170
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2001-2017 + 0 | 42 | (N/A) 1981-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-2) # 7200 0.8 2002-2016 + N/A | N/A | (42.22) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (190.9) # 1466 2036 N/A i estimate N/A 0.5 2008-2019 + N/A | N/A | (7) 1980-2019 + N/A | N/A | (3) # keywintering 7200 0.8
DE
3800
5000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2.0
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (15) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (71) 58074 6.3 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2016 + 41 | 180 | (N/A) N/A N/A 50000 i mean genuine 13.4 2003-2016 - -22 | -16 | (-19) 1980-2016 = -13 | -7 | (-10) keywintering 61400 6.8
DK
N/A
N/A
150
p
estimate
genuine
#
2006-2017 + 36.74 | 123.04000 | (75.07000) 1980-2017 + 7573.1 | 38066.6 | (17158.52) # 2700 0.3 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (107.69) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (2600) # N/A N/A 70116 i estimate noChange # 18.8 2006-2017 = N/A 1987-2017 = N/A # keywintering 2700 0.3
EE
6000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
3.7
2006-2017 = 7 | 34 | (N/A) 1980-2017 + 72 | 184 | (N/A) 42300 4.6 2007-2018 + 14 | 38 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 70 | 223 | (N/A) 30000 50000 N/A i estimate genuine 10.7 2006-2017 + 20 | 50 | (N/A) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (50) keywintering 30100 3.3
FI
113523
129293
122373
p
mean
method
57.0
2007-2018 - 17 | 30 | (24) 1986-2018 - 5 | 17 | (11) 314800 34.4 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 + 6 | 6 | (N/A) 11098 21995 16317 i minimum genuine 4.4 2007-2018 + 16 | 61 | (46) 1980-2018 + 4375 | 7766 | (5839) keywintering 314400 34.9
FR
N/A
N/A
5
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) 1999-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) 500 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) 1999-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) 1480 1820 1649 i mean genuine # 0.4 2007-2017 - -40 | -17 | (-29) 1980-2017 - -33 | -20 | (-27) # keywintering 500
GR
218 895 N/A i estimate knowledge 0.1 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering
HR
2000 2500 N/A i estimate N/A 0.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2013 x N/A keywintering
HU
8000 10000 N/A i estimate genuine # 2.4 2007-2018 F N/A 1996-2018 - -65 | -35 | (N/A) # keywintering
IE
N/A N/A 1256 i mean genuine # 0.3 2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-50.3) 1987-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-60.9) keywintering
IT
658 1203 N/A i estimate genuine 0.2 2009-2015 - -45 | -30 | (N/A) 1991-2015 - -80 | -55 | (N/A) keywintering
LT
2000
2600
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
1.1
2013-2018 + 0 | 5 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 30 | 50 | (N/A) 23600 2.6 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 3350 8280 N/A i estimate noInfo 1.6 2013-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering 23500 2.6
LU
4 20 N/A i estimate genuine 2007-2018 - -80 | -60 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F N/A keywintering
LV
1300
15000
N/A
p
estimate
method
3.8
2010-2017 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 43400 4.8 2000-2017 + N/A | N/A | (20) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (197) 4900 11340 N/A i estimate knowledge 2.2 2009-2018 u -40.4 | 21.9 | (-14.1) 1991-2018 + 205.9 | 386.1 | (286) keywintering 42900 4.8
NL
5
10
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2006-2017 u -68 | 180 | (0) 1982-2017 = -9 | 375 | (110) # 1100 0.1 2000-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-26.66) 1982-2015 + N/A | N/A | (1000) # 7431 10416 8514 i mean genuine 2.3 2006-2017 - -43 | -22 | (-34) 1981-2017 - -37 | -14 | (-27) keywintering 1100 0.1
PL
3000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.9
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + 200 | 300 | (N/A) N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 22700 37300 28100 i minimum noChange 7.5 2011-2018 + 25 | 64 | (43) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering N/A N/A
RO
2
10
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 200 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 1 | 100 | (N/A) 3035 13343 N/A i mean genuine 2.2 2013-2018 - -6.04000 | -0.83 | (N/A) 2000-2018 + 3.57 | 8.85 | (N/A) keywintering 200
SE
57000
73000
65000
p
estimate
genuine
30.3
2007-2018 - -36 | -18 | (-27) 1980-2018 - -33 | -1 | (-18) 413500 45.2 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 70000 110000 90000 i mean knowledge 24.1 2007-2018 = -3 | 16 | (6) 1980-2018 + 156 | 186 | (169) keywintering 410500 45.5
SI
520 1200 N/A i estimate genuine 0.2 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-1) 1980-2018 - -70 | -60 | (N/A) keywintering
SK
4000 8000 N/A i mean genuine 1.6 2007-2018 - -70 | -40 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 200 | 400 | (N/A) # keywintering
UK
200
200
N/A
p
mean
noChange
#
2001-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-44) 1978-2016 + N/A | N/A | (67) 5200 # 0.6 1989-2009 - -71.58 | -71.58 | (N/A) 1970-2009 + 173.68 | 173.68 | (N/A) N/A N/A 21230 i mean genuine # 5.7 2005-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-36.3) 1980-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-8.3) keywintering 5700 0.6
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 187000 241000 p - = 913000 NE NE 312000 424000 i = + Secure Secure A B Secure Bucephala clangula