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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Circus cyaneus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE completeSurvey
BG
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK estimatePartial
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI estimatePartial
FR completeSurvey
GR
HR
HU
IE completeSurvey
IT
LU
LV estimateExpert
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT estimatePartial
RO
SE estimateExpert
SI
SK
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE completeSurvey
BG
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR
HR
HU
IE completeSurvey
IT
LU
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL estimatePartial
PT estimatePartial
RO
SE estimateExpert
SI
SK
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT estimatePartial
BE estimateExpert
BG estimatePartial
CZ absentData
DE
DK
EE
ES completeSurvey
FI
FR
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU estimatePartial
IE estimatePartial
IT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV
NL
PL
PT
RO estimateExpert
SE
SI estimateExpert
SK estimatePartial
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
250 500 N/A i estimate noChange 3.2 2007-2018 F N/A | N/A | (0) 1981-2018 F N/A | N/A | (0) I
BE
1
5
3
bfemales
estimate
noChange
2008-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 + 100 | 900 | (500) # 889 # 0.2 2008-2018 = N/A 1999-2018 + N/A | N/A | (800) # 100 500 N/A i estimate noChange 2.5 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A I 13900 2.5
BG
250 400 N/A i interval noChange 2.8 2000-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 20 | 40 | (N/A) I
CZ
N/A
N/A
0
bfemales
estimate
noChange
#
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-50) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-90) # 7000 1.3 2002-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-60.47) 1986-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-61.84) # N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A noChange N/A 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) # I 7000 1.3
DE
8
9
N/A
bfemales
estimate
genuine
2004-2016 - -91 | -61 | (-80) 1985-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-72) 245 2004-2016 - -100 | -31 | (N/A) 1980-2016 - -100 | -66 | (N/A) 600 0.1
DK
N/A
N/A
0
bfemales
estimate
noChange
#
2006-2017 x N/A 1980-2017 u N/A # 0.00000 1996-2017 - N/A 1980-2017 u N/A N/A N/A
EE
10
30
N/A
bfemales
estimate
genuine
0.2
2007-2018 - -346 | -99 | (N/A) 1987-2018 - -129 | -37 | (N/A) 16400 3.0 2007-2018 - -63 | -22 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -43 | -18 | (N/A) # 4400 0.8
ES
370
600
N/A
bfemales
estimate
genuine
#
4.2
2007-2018 - -53 | -43 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - N/A 30770 5.7 2007-2018 - N/A 1980-2018 u -40 | 40 | (N/A) 1121 1171 N/A i minimum knowledge 9.7 2007-2017 - -60 | -30 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A I 32800 6.0
FI
1004
1496
1235
cmales
interval
genuine
#
N/A
2007-2018 - 26 | 64 | (48) 1982-2018 - 47 | 68 | (59) 64400 11.8 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 - 30 | 30 | (N/A) 64400 11.8
FR
7800
11200
9300
bfemales
estimate
method
81.5
2005-2017 - -32 | -10 | (-22) 1979-2017 x N/A 189700 34.8 2009-2018 u -14 | 17 | (N/A) 1985-2017 x N/A 189600 34.7
GR
270 500 N/A i estimate knowledge 3.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A I
HR
1000 2000 N/A i estimate N/A 12.7 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A I
HU
2500 3000 N/A i estimate knowledge # 23.3 2015-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # I
IE
108
157
N/A
bfemales
estimate
genuine
#
1.2
2005-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-9.7) 1972-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-28.6) # 8400 # 1.5 2005-2015 = N/A | N/A | (-6) 1972-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-16.8) # 311 435 373 i estimate knowledge # 3.2 2005-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-9.7) 1980-2010 x N/A # I 8100 1.5
IT
256 316 N/A i estimate method # 2.4 2009-2015 + 55 | 75 | (N/A) 1991-2015 x N/A I
LU
10 30 N/A i estimate knowledge # 0.2 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # I
LV
0
9
N/A
bfemales
estimate
method
2012-2017 x N/A 1991-2017 - -83 | -66 | (N/A) 3700 0.7 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-63) 1980-2017 x N/A 3700 0.7
NL
8
14
N/A
bfemales
estimate
genuine
#
0.1
2006-2017 - -82 | -1 | (-56) 1980-2017 - -92 | -87 | (-89) 1300 0.2 2000-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-50) 1977-2015 - N/A | N/A | (-71.11) 1300 0.2
PL
0
0
0
bfemales
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 - -100 | -100 | (N/A) # 0.00000 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
20
50
N/A
bfemales
estimate
noChange
#
0.3
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 1400 # 0.3 2005-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-60) 1980-2018 x N/A # 1300 0.2
RO
500 3000 N/A i estimate knowledge 14.8 2013-2018 u -6.46 | 2.85 | (N/A) 2000-2018 = -4.59 | 0.54 | (N/A) I
SE
700
1000
860
bfemales
mean
noChange
7.5
2007-2018 = -30 | 30 | (0) 1980-2018 - -50 | -30 | (-40) 168900 31.0 2007-2018 u -20 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 u -20 | 20 | (N/A) # 168600 30.9
SI
60 200 N/A i estimate knowledge 1.1 2002-2017 x N/A 1980-2017 x N/A I
SK
500 1000 N/A i estimate noChange 6.3 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A I
UK
N/A
N/A
545
bfemales
estimate
genuine
#
4.8
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-4) 1988-2016 = N/A | N/A | (2) 51500 9.5 1989-2009 = N/A 1970-2009 + 28.75 | 28.75 | (N/A) # N/A N/A 1725 i estimate genuine # 14.6 1991-2017 x N/A 1980-2017 x N/A I 50300 9.2
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 10500 15200 bfemales - x 544000 NE NE 8300 11800 i NE NE Threatened Not evaluated C B Secure Circus cyaneus