Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Corvus frugilegus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE estimatePartial
BG estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK estimatePartial
EE estimateExpert
ES estimatePartial
FI estimatePartial
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR absentData
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
LT estimatePartial
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimateExpert
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
LT estimatePartial
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimateExpert
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CZ estimateExpert
DE
DK
EE
ES
FI
FR
GR
HR
HU
IE
LT
LU
LV
NL
PL
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
2100
2500
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.1
2007-2018 - -30 | -15 | (N/A) 1981-2018 + 300 | 400 | (N/A) 3700 0.4 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (50) 1981-2018 + 10 | 20 | (N/A) 3500 0.4
BE
20800
24000
22400
p
estimate
noChange
1.1
2008-2018 = -8 | 7 | (0) 1973-2018 + 160 | 200 | (180) # 23240 # 2.5 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (30.81) 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (113) 21100 2.2
BG
2000
4000
N/A
p
interval
genuine
#
0.1
2000-2018 - -50 | -40 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 28228 3.0 2000-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 28700 3.0
CZ
3200
4400
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.2
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 5900 0.6 2002-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-30.98) 1986-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-42.35) # 10000 100000 N/A i estimate N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1982-2018 x N/A # other 5900 0.6
DE
N/A
N/A
105000
p
estimate
genuine
5.2
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (28) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (260) 67452 7.1 2004-2016 + 11 | 40 | (N/A) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) 71500 7.5
DK
N/A
N/A
85565
p
estimate
genuine
#
4.2
2006-2017 = -3.06000 | 42.85 | (17.86) 1980-2017 = -3.93 | 55.9 | (22.47) # 39400 4.2 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (34.47) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (94.08000) # 39400 4.1
EE
8000
12000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.5
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 8200 0.9 2007-2018 + 16 | 25 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 4 | 14 | (N/A) 4300 0.5
ES
N/A
N/A
1315
p
estimate
genuine
2000-2011 - N/A | N/A | (-39) 1979-2011 = N/A # 2777 0.3 1998-2011 = N/A 1980-2011 = N/A 2800 0.3
FI
1100
1300
1200
p
estimate
genuine
#
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A # 5600 0.6 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 + 30 | 30 | (N/A) 5600 0.6
FR
200000
350000
N/A
p
estimate
method
13.5
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-29.87) 2001-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-36) 216400 22.8 2009-2017 + 1 | 5 | (N/A) 1985-2017 + 10 | 15 | (N/A) # 215500 22.5
GR
500
2000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 x N/A 20100 2.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 15700 1.6
HR
N/A
N/A
2900
i
minimum
N/A
#
N/A
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 7846 # 0.8 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 25400 2.6
HU
N/A
N/A
31815
p
estimate
genuine
#
1.6
2008-2018 + 35 | N/A | (72) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-87.5) # 12214 1.3 2006-2016 + N/A | N/A | (32) 1980-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) # 12500 1.3
IE
2275226
4836806
3476836
i
interval
noChange
#
N/A
2006-2016 = -1 | 9.6 | (4.2) 1980-2016 x N/A 77500 8.2 2006-2016 = N/A | N/A | (1) 1972-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-1.4) # 76500 8.0
LT
23000
26000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.2
2013-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - -60 | -40 | (N/A) 13300 1.4 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -40 | -30 | (N/A) 13300 1.4
LU
3300
3500
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.2
2007-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 90 | 110 | (N/A) 748 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 3100 0.3
LV
3998
4550
4221
p
estimate
genuine
0.2
2000-2018 + 233.29 | 237.42 | (234.8) 1980-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-46) 6700 0.7 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-48) 1980-2017 = N/A | N/A | (-11) 6700 0.7
NL
46000
53300
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2.4
2006-2017 - -31 | -21 | (-26) 1980-2017 + 121 | 124 | (122) 23000 2.4 2000-2015 + N/A | N/A | (21.05000) 1977-2015 + N/A | N/A | (41.1) 22200 2.3
PL
183000
222000
N/A
p
mean
genuine
9.9
2007-2018 - -54 | -25 | (-41) 1980-2018 x N/A # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
RO
150000
200000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
8.6
2008-2018 u -1 | 17 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 126800 13.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 125100 13.1
SE
43000
53000
48000
p
estimate
noChange
#
2.4
2007-2018 + 20 | 40 | (30) 1980-2018 + 35 | 269 | (100) 20400 2.1 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 20200 2.1
SI
150
200
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2004-2017 + 600 | 800 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 500 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-59) # 500
SK
7000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.4
2007-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -60 | -40 | (N/A) 8971 0.9 2007-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -60 | -40 | (N/A) 9500 1.0
UK
866952
1106912
981514
p
interval
genuine
48.1
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-20.97) 1995-2016 - -29 | -13 | (-21) # 230700 24.3 1989-2009 = N/A 1970-2009 = N/A # 228800 23.9
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 2770000 5330000 p - - 822000 NE NE Declining C B Secure Corvus frugilegus