Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Corvus monedula. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT estimatePartial
BE estimateExpert
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK estimatePartial
EE estimateExpert
ES estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR absentData
HU estimatePartial
IE completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV estimatePartial
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimateExpert
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimateExpert
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR absentData
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI estimateExpert
SK estimateExpert
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ estimateExpert
DE
DK
EE
ES
FI
FR
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
3500
5000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 - -30 | -15 | (N/A) 1981-2018 - -50 | -30 | (N/A) 24800 1.0 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-33) 1981-2018 - -30 | -10 | (N/A) 24000 1.0
BE
65900
123700
94800
p
estimate
method
#
1.5
2008-2018 + 90 | 145 | (116) 1973-2018 + 325 | 698 | (512) # 30613 # 1.2 2008-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 = N/A 32000 1.3
BG
70000
150000
N/A
p
interval
noChange
1.8
2000-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 59351 2.4 2000-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 61500 2.5
CY
20000
45000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.5
2007-2018 + 50 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 6000 0.2 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (25) 1980-2018 x N/A 6000 0.2
CZ
9000
18000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.2
2007-2018 u N/A | N/A | (-1) 1982-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-8) # 24800 1.0 2002-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-19.64) 1986-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-42.75) # 10000 100000 N/A i estimate N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # other 24500 1.0
DE
83000
140000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.8
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (3) 1980-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-9) 249986 10.1 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) 260200 10.5
DK
N/A
N/A
103012
p
estimate
genuine
#
1.6
2006-2017 + 7.02000 | 36.05000 | (20.74) 1980-2017 + 10.93 | 31.41 | (20.75) # 52100 2.1 1996-2017 = N/A | N/A | (0.77) 1974-2017 = N/A | N/A | (-8.54) # 52000 2.1
EE
20000
40000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.5
2007-2018 = N/A 1983-2018 = 5 | 12 | (N/A) 37500 1.5 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-3) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) 12100 0.5
ES
1515000
2670000
N/A
p
interval
noChange
33.3
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - N/A 133830 5.4 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-11.8) 1980-2018 = N/A 142000 5.7
FI
181321
271518
222588
p
estimate
genuine
3.5
2006-2018 + 73 | 135 | (102) 1980-2018 + 364 | 3147 | (1143) 134500 5.4 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2010 + 86 | 86 | (N/A) 134300 5.4
FR
150000
300000
N/A
p
estimate
method
3.6
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (60) 2001-2018 + N/A | N/A | (103) # 351900 14.2 2013-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1989-2018 = N/A 349800 14.1
GR
300000
630000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
7.4
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (328) 147600 5.9 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 143800 5.8
HR
N/A
N/A
1700
i
minimum
N/A
#
N/A
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 8920 # 0.4 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 30700 1.2
HU
2800
5500
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
#
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - -72 | -63 | (N/A) # 22122 0.9 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - -10 | 0 | (N/A) 22700 0.9
IE
1808972
3409595
2564415
i
interval
genuine
#
N/A
2006-2016 + 12.7 | 26 | (19.2) 1980-2016 x N/A 81500 3.3 2006-2016 = N/A | N/A | (5) 1972-2016 = N/A | N/A | (4) # 80500 3.2
IT
50000
100000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.2
2000-2014 + 25 | 35 | (N/A) 1993-2018 = N/A 222100 8.9 2007-2018 + 5 | 10 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 60 | 65 | (N/A) 222100 8.9
LT
40000
48000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.7
2013-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 26300 1.1 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 26000 1.0
LU
2000
3000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2007-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) 632 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 2400 0.1
LV
12500
27000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2012-2018 - -32.27 | -31.48 | (-31.89) 1995-2018 u -85.77 | 194.49 | (N/A) 36300 1.5 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-28) 1980-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-30) 36300 1.5
NL
100000
150000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2.0
2006-2017 + 10 | 29 | (19) 1984-2017 = -11 | 39 | (11) 44800 1.8 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (-0.88) 1977-2015 = N/A | N/A | (7.69) 40900 1.6
PL
286000
352000
N/A
p
interval
genuine
5.1
2007-2018 = -2 | 32 | (14) 1980-2018 x N/A # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
1000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2007-2018 u N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 4500 # 0.2 2005-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-59) 1980-2018 x N/A # 4400 0.2
RO
319514
547141
N/A
p
interval
method
6.9
2008-2018 u 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 173800 7.0 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 172000 6.9
SE
149000
249000
199000
p
estimate
genuine
#
3.2
2007-2018 = -3 | 17 | (6) 1980-2018 + 33 | 72 | (51) 337300 13.6 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 336900 13.5
SI
700
900
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 - -50 | -30 | (N/A) 5600 0.2 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2013 = N/A | N/A | (0) # 5400 0.2
SK
3000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 - -10 | -1 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 18669 0.8 2007-2018 - -10 | -1 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -25 | -10 | (N/A) 19700 0.8
UK
1371860
1738867
1555363
p
interval
genuine
24.7
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (28.94) 1980-2016 + N/A | N/A | (111.49) # 248200 10.0 1989-2009 = N/A 1970-2009 = N/A # 246400 9.9
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 5440000 9460000 p + + 2300000 NE NE Secure A B Secure Corvus monedula