Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Cygnus olor. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE estimatePartial
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK estimatePartial
EE estimateExpert
FI estimatePartial
FR estimatePartial
GR completeSurvey
HR estimateExpert
HU estimatePartial
IE estimatePartial
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV estimatePartial
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimatePartial
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR estimatePartial
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
RO estimatePartial
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK completeSurvey
EE completeSurvey
FI
FR completeSurvey
GR completeSurvey
HR estimateExpert
HU estimatePartial
IE estimatePartial
IT
LT
LU
LV completeSurvey
NL
PL completeSurvey
RO estimatePartial
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
450
650
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.7
2007-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 1981-2018 + 200 | 300 | (N/A) 19100 1.6 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (4) 1981-2018 + 15 | 30 | (N/A) 2600 3900 N/A i estimate genuine 1.5 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (28) 1981-2014 + N/A | N/A | (12) keywintering 17800 1.5
BE
450
610
530
p
estimate
noChange
0.7
2008-2018 = -12 | 20 | (4) 1973-2018 + 165 | 259 | (212) # 20308 # 1.7 2008-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (161.26) 1200 1400 1300 i interval genuine 0.6 2007-2018 + 20 | 60 | (39) 1992-2018 + 27 | 62 | (43) keywintering 19100 1.6
BG
20
50
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2000-2018 + 2 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 2778 0.2 2000-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 5 | 20 | (N/A) # 1000 4100 N/A i estimate genuine 1.2 2000-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A keywintering 3600 0.3
CZ
500
600
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.7
2001-2017 + 14 | 20 | (N/A) 1981-2017 + N/A | N/A | (1) # 50500 4.2 2002-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-0.44) 1986-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-0.66) # 1193 4769 N/A i estimate N/A 1.4 2008-2019 = N/A | N/A | (1) 1980-2019 - N/A | N/A | (-3) # keywintering 49700 4.1
DE
10500
14500
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
15.5
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-10) 1985-2016 = N/A | N/A | (13) 253358 20.9 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) N/A N/A 79000 i mean genuine 36.7 2003-2016 + 5 | 13 | (9) 1980-2016 + 68 | 80 | (74) # keywintering 265800 21.8
DK
N/A
N/A
4690
p
estimate
genuine
#
5.8
2006-2017 = -6.83 | 96.66 | (36.15) 1980-2017 = -29.86 | 17.53 | (-9.12) # 50500 4.2 1996-2017 = N/A | N/A | (7.21) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (17.99) # N/A N/A 46879 i estimate noChange # 21.8 2006-2017 = N/A 1980-2017 = N/A # keywintering 50200 4.1
EE
4000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
5.6
2006-2017 + 77 | 78 | (N/A) 1980-2017 + 385 | 618 | (N/A) 32200 2.7 2007-2018 + 17 | 43 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 68 | 201 | (N/A) 8000 17000 N/A i estimate genuine 5.8 2006-2017 + N/A | N/A | (50) 1980-2017 + 20 | 50 | (N/A) keywintering 20600 1.7
FI
4532
9475
6758
p
interval
method
#
8.4
2007-2018 = -4 | 42 | (17) 1980-2017 + N/A | 321 | (N/A) 44400 3.7 2001-2012 x N/A 1980-2010 + 69 | 69 | (N/A) 44400 3.6
FR
5000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
9.3
2007-2018 + 10 | 20 | (N/A) 1978-2012 + 900 | 1900 | (N/A) 173400 14.3 2009-2018 + 9 | 16 | (N/A) 1985-2018 + 100 | 120 | (N/A) 19550 22450 21300 i minimum genuine # 9.9 2007-2017 + 35 | 64 | (49) 1980-2017 + 1666 | 2334 | (1974) # keywintering 171300 14.1
GR
20
30
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 4000 0.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 646 4376 N/A i estimate knowledge 1.2 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (37) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (307) keywintering 5300 0.4
HR
800
1500
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
1.4
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (3000) 587 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + 5000 | 6000 | (N/A) 3000 5000 N/A i estimate N/A 1.9 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2013 x N/A keywintering 10500 0.9
HU
300
450
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.5
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 4400 | 5900 | (N/A) # 29214 2.4 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 500 | 700 | (N/A) 1500 3000 N/A i estimate noChange # 1.1 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 7400 | 9900 | (N/A) # keywintering 29600 2.4
IE
N/A
N/A
3516
p
mean
genuine
#
4.4
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-7.1) 1987-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-9.6) # 47100 # 3.9 1991-2011 + N/A | N/A | (9) 1972-2011 - N/A | N/A | (-5) # N/A N/A 7032 i mean genuine # 3.3 2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-7.1) 1987-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-9.6) keywintering 46600 3.8
IT
500
700
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.8
2013-2016 + 40 | 70 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 1300 | 1570 | (N/A) 28600 2.4 2007-2018 + 20 | 25 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 805 | 810 | (N/A) 28600 2.4
LT
1000
1200
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.4
2013-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 290 | 330 | (N/A) 34800 2.9 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 20 | 30 | (N/A) 34600 2.8
LU
40
50
N/A
p
mean
noChange
#
2007-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2012 + 4000 | 5000 | (N/A) # 354 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 2000 | 2500 | (N/A) # 2200 0.2
LV
650
950
N/A
p
estimate
method
1.0
2009-2018 = 42.03000 | 44.32 | (43.47) 1980-2017 + 96 | 99 | (N/A) 30000 2.5 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-18) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (194) 230 4634 N/A i estimate noChange 1.1 2009-2018 + 212.4 | 682.7 | (400.3) 1991-2018 = -36.5 | 12.8 | (-15.2) keywintering 29600 2.4
NL
7000
9000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
9.9
2006-2017 - -18 | -5 | (-12) 1984-2017 + 54 | 147 | (95) 39100 3.2 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (4.26) 1977-2015 + N/A | N/A | (25.32) 37200 3.1
PL
6300
7700
N/A
p
mean
genuine
8.7
2007-2018 - -36 | -3 | (-21) 1980-2018 + 60 | 100 | (N/A) # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 10900 21200 14800 i minimum genuine 6.9 2011-2018 + 59 | 104 | (80) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering N/A N/A
RO
4000
6000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
6.2
2007-2018 + 1 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 50 | 200 | (N/A) 44200 3.6 2007-2018 + 1 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 4340 20364 N/A i mean genuine 5.7 2013-2018 = -0.46 | 4.15 | (N/A) 2000-2018 + 0.71 | 3.84 | (N/A) keywintering 44000 3.6
SE
6100
9100
7500
p
estimate
noChange
9.3
2007-2018 = -20 | 50 | (14) 1980-2018 + 10 | 50 | (30) 100000 8.2 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 99800 8.2
SI
80
130
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.1
2007-2018 + 0 | 30 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 200 | 500 | (N/A) 4800 0.4 2007-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (286) # 4500 0.4
SK
400
1000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.9
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 20 | 80 | (N/A) 17199 1.4 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 30 | 70 | (N/A) 18000 1.5
UK
6277
7623
6956
p
interval
noChange
8.6
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (10.3) 1980-2016 + N/A | N/A | (193.6) # 186100 15.3 1989-2009 + 11.91 | 11.91 | (N/A) 1970-2009 + 8.2 | 8.2 | (N/A) 184600 15.2
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 66100 93600 p = + 1160000 NE NE 182000 225000 i + + Secure Secure A B Secure Cygnus olor