Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Gavia arctica. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CZ
DE
DK
EE estimatePartial
ES
FI estimatePartial
FR
GR
HR
IE
IT
LT estimatePartial
LV estimateExpert
NL
PL
RO
SE estimatePartial
SI
SK
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CZ
DE
DK
EE estimatePartial
ES
FI completeSurvey
FR
GR
HR
IE
IT
LT estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL
PL
RO
SE estimatePartial
SI
SK
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE absentData
BG estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimatePartial
DK completeSurvey
EE
ES completeSurvey
FI
FR estimateExpert
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
IE absentData
IT estimatePartial
LT
LV estimateExpert
NL estimatePartial
PL completeSurvey
RO estimatePartial
SE
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
15 20 N/A i estimate genuine 0.2 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (40) 1981-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1700) keywintering & I
BE
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering & I
BG
50 650 N/A i estimate genuine 3.7 2000-2018 + 40 | 50 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F N/A keywintering & I
CZ
7 24 N/A i estimate noChange # 0.2 2008-2019 x N/A 1980-2019 x N/A # keywintering & I
DE
N/A N/A 3000 i mean genuine 32.0 2003-2016 u N/A 1980-2016 x N/A keywintering & I
DK
600 1300 N/A i estimate method # 10.1 2008-2016 x N/A 1987-2017 x N/A # keywintering & I
EE
2
5
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2006-2017 = -20 | -11 | (N/A) 1980-2017 - -50 | -33 | (N/A) 600 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-40) 600
ES
17 26 21 i estimate noInfo # 0.2 2007-2018 - -64.1 | -54.6 | (-59.3) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering & I
FI
9319
12025
10719
p
interval
genuine
62.5
2007-2018 + 8 | 67 | (34) 1986-2018 + 56 | 242 | (94) 168600 26.6 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 + 18 | 18 | (N/A) 168600 26.6
FR
N/A N/A 1000 i estimate noChange 10.7 2007-2017 u -50 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering & I
GR
50 400 N/A i estimate noChange 2.4 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering & I
HR
2000 2800 N/A i estimate N/A 25.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering & I
IE
N/A N/A 21 i mean noInfo # 0.2 2004-2016 x N/A 1987-2016 x N/A keywintering & I
IT
184 193 N/A i estimate genuine 2.0 2009-2015 - -55 | -10 | (N/A) 1991-2015 + 20 | 30 | (N/A) keywintering & I
LT
10
20
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2013-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 1000 0.2 2006-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 1000 0.2
LV
0
2
0
p
estimate
noChange
2012-2018 = N/A 1980-2017 - -100 | -66 | (N/A) 100 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-67) 1980-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-91) 35 65 N/A i minimum noChange # 0.5 2009-2018 u -97.2 | 1099.4 | (-4.3) 1991-2018 u -82.8 | 139.8 | (-33.7) keywintering & I 100
NL
50 150 100 i mean genuine 1.1 2006-2017 x N/A 1980-2017 x N/A keywintering & I
PL
180 420 300 i mean noChange 3.2 2011-2018 - -77 | -3 | (-51) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering & I
RO
17 219 N/A i mean knowledge 1.3 2013-2018 u -5.83 | 6.18 | (N/A) 2000-2018 = -4.2 | 4.07000 | (N/A) keywintering & I
SE
5300
7100
6200
p
estimate
noChange
36.1
2007-2018 = -22 | 4 | (-10) 1980-2018 = -6 | 82 | (0) 442600 69.7 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 441500 69.7
SI
25 50 N/A i estimate genuine 0.4 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-68) 1980-2018 - -25 | 0 | (N/A) keywintering & I
SK
5 50 N/A i estimate noChange 0.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A keywintering & I
UK
190
252
217
p
estimate
noChange
#
1.3
1994-2006 + N/A | N/A | (16) 1985-2006 + N/A | N/A | (46) # 21800 3.4 1989-2009 + 9.55 | 9.55 | (N/A) 1970-2009 = 2.83 | 2.83 | (N/A) N/A N/A 560 i estimate noChange # 6.0 2005-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-52.2) 1993-2016 + N/A | N/A | (100) # keywintering & I 21700 3.4
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 14800 19500 p + + 634000 NE NE 7700 10800 i u x Secure Unknown A B Secure Gavia arctica