Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Larus ridibundus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE completeSurvey
ES estimatePartial
FI estimatePartial
FR estimatePartial
GIB
GR
HR completeSurvey
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU
LV estimateExpert
NL completeSurvey
PL estimateExpert
PT estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GIB
GR
HR estimatePartial
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU
LV estimatePartial
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE estimatePartial
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE
DK
EE
ES completeSurvey
FI
FR
GIB completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR
HU
IE estimatePartial
IT
LT
LU estimatePartial
LV
NL
PL completeSurvey
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
4000
6000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.5
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-40) 1981-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-50) 1200 0.1 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-25) 1981-2018 - -40 | -20 | (N/A) 1100 0.1
BE
7800
9100
8500
p
estimate
method
#
0.9
2008-2018 - -28 | -10 | (-19) 1973-2018 = -9 | 6 | (-1) 3890 # 0.4 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (60.94) 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (80.01000) 250000 350000 300000 i estimate noChange N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1992-2018 x N/A other 15000 1.6
BG
180
300
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2001-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 - -10 | -5 | (N/A) 3460 0.4 2000-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 2000 6500 N/A i estimate knowledge N/A 2000-2018 + 10 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F N/A other 4300 0.5
CY
700 3350 N/A i estimate genuine # N/A 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 - -15 | -5 | (N/A) other
CZ
20000
40000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
3.2
2001-2017 - -60 | -60 | (N/A) 1981-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-7) # 20500 2.1 2002-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-34.14) 1986-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-43.07000) # 10923 18298 N/A i estimate N/A N/A 2008-2019 + N/A | N/A | (5) 1980-2019 - N/A | N/A | (-2) # other 20500 2.1
DE
115000
160000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
14.5
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (7) 1980-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-8) 39744 4.2 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (0) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) 44200 4.6
DK
N/A
N/A
67300
p
estimate
genuine
#
7.1
2006-2017 = -38.16 | 6.04000 | (-18.77) 1980-2017 - -88.02000 | -81.05000 | (-84.92) # 19400 2.0 1996-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-29.71) 1974-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-48.54) # 19100 2.0
EE
25000
35000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
3.2
2006-2017 + 74 | 168 | (N/A) 1980-2017 - -50 | -40 | (N/A) # 24300 2.5 2007-2018 + 21 | 22 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 11 | 13 | (N/A) 14000 1.4
ES
8198
8261
N/A
p
interval
noInfo
#
0.9
2007-2018 = N/A 1984-2018 + N/A 48919 5.1 2007-2018 + 10 | N/A | (N/A) 1984-2018 + N/A | 450 | (N/A) 284908 298906 N/A i estimate method # N/A 2007-2018 + N/A | 6.51 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (28.75) # other 48700 5.1
FI
64099
104162
82128
p
interval
noChange
#
8.7
2007-2018 u -45 | 2 | (-25) 1980-2018 - 67 | 80 | (74) 197500 20.6 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 - 11 | 11 | (N/A) 197200 20.5
FR
25000
30000
N/A
p
estimate
method
2.9
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 - -40 | -25 | (N/A) 28600 3.0 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 1980-2018 = N/A 28600 3.0
GIB
101 250 250 i mean noChange N/A 2000-2012 F -10 | 100 | (100) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) other
GR
50000 60000 N/A i estimate knowledge N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A other
HR
600
800
N/A
p
mean
N/A
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 42 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 1900 0.2
HU
4000
6400
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
#
0.6
2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 - -74 | -57 | (N/A) # 6703 0.7 2000-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-27) 1979-2018 F N/A # 6800 0.7
IE
N/A
N/A
7810
p
estimate
knowledge
0.8
2002-2018 + N/A | N/A | (102) 1987-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-11) 3800 0.4 2002-2018 + N/A | 100 | (100) 1991-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-67) N/A N/A 48821 i mean noInfo # N/A 2004-2016 x N/A 1987-2016 x N/A other 3800 0.4
IT
500
1000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2017 + 105 | 110 | (N/A) 1993-2018 = N/A 6300 0.7 2007-2018 - -35 | -30 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 55 | 60 | (N/A) 6300 0.7
LT
30000
60000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
4.7
2013-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 9100 0.9 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 9100 0.9
LU
100 2600 N/A i estimate noChange # N/A 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # other
LV
24539
38200
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
3.3
2000-2017 - -16.26 | -15.53 | (-15.94) 1980-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-63) 20400 2.1 2000-2017 + N/A | N/A | (13) 1980-2017 x N/A 20400 2.1
NL
94000
131000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
11.8
2006-2017 = -19 | 0 | (-10) 1980-2017 - -72 | -72 | (-72) 19500 # 2.0 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (4.83) 1977-2015 = N/A | N/A | (-7.14) 19200 2.0
PL
90000
100000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
10.0
2007-2018 - -44 | -17 | (-32) 1980-2018 - -70 | -50 | (N/A) # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 13000 19400 15500 i minimum genuine N/A 2011-2018 + 3 | 44 | (22) 1980-2018 x N/A # other N/A N/A
PT
10
40
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 4000 # 0.4 2005-2018 + N/A | N/A | (3900) 1980-2018 + N/A # 3900 0.4
RO
4000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.7
2007-2018 + 1 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 1 | 30 | (N/A) 5000 0.5 2007-2018 + 10 | 25 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 40 | (N/A) 5000 0.5
SE
75000
120000
98000
p
estimate
noChange
10.3
2007-2018 = -27 | 1 | (-14) 1980-2018 - -76 | -64 | (-70) # 389400 40.6 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 388400 40.4
SI
550
1020
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (273) 1980-2018 + 400 | 500 | (N/A) 400 2007-2018 - -50 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-17) # 400
SK
10000
11000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.1
2007-2018 - -20 | -15 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -35 | -20 | (N/A) 1452 0.1 2007-2018 - -5 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1600 0.2
UK
N/A
N/A
138012
p
estimate
genuine
#
14.5
2004-2015 = -23 | 25 | (2) 1986-2015 + -29 | 130 | (11) # 104700 10.9 1989-2009 - -48.37 | -48.37 | (N/A) 1970-2009 - -22.44 | -22.44 | (N/A) 102800 10.7
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 811000 1080000 p = - 953000 NE NE Threatened B B Depleted Larus ridibundus