Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Larus cachinnans. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE
BG
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
HU completeSurvey
LT estimatePartial
LU
PL estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SE
SK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE
BG
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
LT estimatePartial
LU
PL absentData
RO estimateExpert
SE
SK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE estimatePartial
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimatePartial
HU
LT
LU estimateExpert
PL
RO estimatePartial
SE estimatePartial
SK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
BE
200 300 250 i estimate knowledge N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A other
BG
10 120 N/A i estimate knowledge # N/A 2000-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # other
CY
500 1000 N/A i estimate genuine # N/A 2007-2018 - -17 | -9 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A other
CZ
60
200
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
1.7
2001-2017 + 2900 | 3900 | (N/A) 1980-2019 x N/A # 3800 38.4 2002-2016 + N/A | N/A | (775) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (600) # 379 10474 N/A i estimate N/A N/A 2008-2019 + N/A | N/A | (13) 1980-2019 + N/A | N/A | (15) # other 3800 38.4
DE
N/A
N/A
750
p
mean
genuine
9.9
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (2552) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (145) 1800 18.2 2004-2016 + 41 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) 3001 8000 N/A i mean genuine N/A 2003-2016 u N/A 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) # other 1800 18.2
HU
105
159
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.7
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (489) 1996-2018 + N/A | N/A | (12700) # 600 6.1 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) 1996-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) # 600 6.1
LT
550
650
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
7.9
2013-2018 + 8 | 27 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 55000 | 65000 | (N/A) 1800 18.2 2006-2018 + 0 | 1900 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 0 | 1900 | (N/A) 1800 18.2
LU
5 15 N/A i estimate noChange # N/A 2007-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 x N/A other
PL
2000
3000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
33.0
2007-2018 + 40 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 40000 | 60000 | (N/A) N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
RO
2000
4000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
39.6
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 800 8.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 718 14561 N/A i mean genuine N/A 2013-2018 u -8.13 | 4.85 | (N/A) 2000-2018 - -11.33 | -5.24 | (N/A) other 800 8.1
SE
10 25 20 i mean knowledge # N/A 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1000) other
SK
180
750
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
6.1
2007-2018 + 50 | 350 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 500 | 5000 | (N/A) 1084 11.0 2007-2018 + 20 | 30 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 70 | 125 | (N/A) 1100 11.1
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 5600 9600 p + + 9000 NE NE Secure A B Secure Larus cachinnans