Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Larus marinus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE
DE completeSurvey
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES estimateExpert
FI estimatePartial
FR completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES estimateExpert
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE estimateExpert
DE completeSurvey
DK
EE
ES estimatePartial
FI
FR completeSurvey
IE
NL
SE
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
BE
3500 6500 5000 i estimate knowledge N/A 2007-2018 F N/A 2001-2016 F N/A other
DE
N/A
N/A
100
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (104) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (127) 1806 0.7 2004-2016 + 11 | 40 | (N/A) 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) N/A N/A 18500 i mean genuine N/A 2003-2016 - -30 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2016 - -65 | -30 | (N/A) # other 3600 1.5
DK
N/A
N/A
2500
p
estimate
genuine
#
6.6
2006-2017 - N/A 1980-2017 + 119.78 | 497.43 | (263.55) # 11000 4.5 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (18.27) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (266.66) # 11000 4.5
EE
1000
1500
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
3.3
2006-2017 - -28 | -24 | (N/A) 1980-2017 - -54 | -52 | (N/A) 7600 3.1 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-51) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-16) 7600 3.1
ES
17
18
N/A
p
minimum
noInfo
#
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (425) 2000-2018 + N/A | N/A | (13) # 1100 # 0.5 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (366) 2000-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1100) # 125 614 370 i estimate noInfo # N/A 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (117) 1992-2018 + N/A | N/A | (225) # other 500 0.2
FI
1238
1784
1555
p
interval
genuine
4.1
2007-2018 - 11 | 36 | (24) 1980-2012 - 33 | 53 | (44) 44700 18.4 2001-2012 x N/A 1980-2010 + 12 | 12 | (N/A) 44700 18.3
FR
6482
6575
N/A
p
estimate
method
#
17.1
2007-2018 + N/A 1977-2018 + 550 | 600 | (N/A) 11200 # 4.6 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1987-2018 + 15 | 30 | (N/A) 11790 11790 N/A i estimate genuine N/A 2004-2018 F -42 | 84 | (N/A) 1984-2018 + 25 | 25 | (N/A) # other 11200 4.6
IE
N/A
N/A
3081
p
estimate
knowledge
8.1
2002-2018 + N/A | N/A | (38) 1987-2018 = N/A | N/A | (6) 13500 5.6 2002-2018 + N/A | N/A | (59) 1991-2018 + N/A | N/A | (14) 13500 5.5
NL
60
79
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.2
2006-2017 + 131 | 322 | (213) 1993-2017 + 256 | 582 | (394) # 3200 1.3 2000-2015 + N/A | N/A | (166.66) 1993-2015 + N/A | N/A | (3100) # 3200 1.3
SE
6500
10300
8000
p
estimate
genuine
21.0
2007-2018 - -56 | -30 | (-45) 1980-2018 - -60 | -39 | (-50) 82000 33.8 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 81800 33.5
UK
7210
19008
14968
p
interval
genuine
#
39.3
2004-2015 - -41 | -1 | (-26) 1986-2015 - -47 | 23 | (-1) # 66400 27.4 1989-2009 - -37.36 | -37.36 | (N/A) 1970-2009 = 4.73 | 4.73 | (N/A) 66900 27.4
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 28100 45000 p - - 242000 NE NE Near Threatened C B Secure Larus marinus