Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Warning: The map does not show the distribution for sensitive species in GR

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Sensitive spatial information for this species is not shown in the map. Current selection: 2013-2018, Larus melanocephalus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
MT
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT
RO estimateExpert
SE completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
MT
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT
RO completeSurvey
SE completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ
DE
DK
ES estimateExpert
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HU
IE
IT
LT
MT estimateExpert
NL
PL
PT estimatePartial
RO
SE
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
20
100
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (140) 1981-2018 + N/A | N/A | (5500) 400 0.8 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-50) 1981-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) # 300 0.5
BE
1400
2000
1700
p
estimate
genuine
8.1
2008-2018 + 67 | 139 | (103) 1973-2018 + 93233 | 133233 | (113233) 1744 # 3.4 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (59.85) 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1017.95) 13600 21.1
BG
2
6
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2001-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A 881 1.7 2000-2018 = 5 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F N/A 20 300 N/A i estimate knowledge 0.3 2000-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A I 1000 1.6
CY
5 25 N/A i estimate method # 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A I
CZ
30
80
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.3
2002-2016 + N/A | N/A | (300) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (2200) # 2600 5.0 2002-2016 + N/A | N/A | (100) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (600) # 2600 4.0
DE
280
320
N/A
p
mean
noChange
1.4
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (2) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (1326) 5253 10.2 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (0) 1980-2016 + 41 | 180 | (N/A) 6700 10.4
DK
17
20
14
p
estimate
noChange
#
2006-2017 = N/A | N/A | (300) 1980-2017 + N/A | N/A | (1900) # 2200 4.3 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (2100) 1974-2017 + N/A # 2200 3.4
ES
423
640
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2.5
2007-2016 + N/A | N/A | (310) 1988-2016 + N/A | N/A | (640) # 900 # 1.7 2007-2016 + N/A | N/A | (117) 1988-2016 + N/A | N/A | (700) N/A N/A 14681 i minimum noInfo 27.1 2007-2013 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # I 900 1.4
FR
7940
8200
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
38.4
2006-2017 + 70 | 75 | (73) 1982-2017 + 50000 | 60000 | (N/A) # 8000 15.5 2006-2017 x N/A 1985-2017 + 120 | 450 | (N/A) N/A N/A 29225 i estimate genuine 53.9 2004-2018 + 350 | 350 | (N/A) 1984-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1500) I 8000 12.4
GR
650
1950
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
6.2
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-52) 1980-2018 x N/A 3200 6.2 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 500 5330 N/A i estimate knowledge 5.4 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (483) 1980-2018 x N/A I 2700 4.2
HU
765
887
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
3.9
2008-2018 + 50 | 233 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 19025 | 22075 | (N/A) # 1430 2.8 2008-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (715) # 1500 2.3
IE
N/A
N/A
54
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2002-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1700) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1700) # 400 0.8 2002-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) # 400 0.6
IT
2500
4000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
15.5
2004-2011 = N/A 1993-2018 + 150 | 1635 | (N/A) 2500 4.8 2007-2018 + 15 | 20 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + N/A | N/A | (700) 2500 3.9
LT
10
20
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2013-2018 + 400 | 500 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 9000 | 19000 | (N/A) # 300 0.6 2006-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 200 | 300 | (N/A) # 300 0.5
MT
660 1500 N/A i estimate noInfo 2.0 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (20) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (20) # I
NL
1400
5100
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
15.5
2006-2017 + 77 | 288 | (164) 1980-2017 + 27554 | 38553 | (32607) 7300 # 14.1 2000-2015 + N/A | N/A | (40.38) 1977-2015 + N/A | N/A | (812.5) 7200 11.2
PL
44
89
75
p
estimate
genuine
0.4
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-13) 1980-2018 + 300 | 400 | (N/A) 3500 6.8 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 x N/A 3500 5.4
PT
4000 11000 6180 i mean method # 11.4 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A I
RO
20
200
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.5
2008-2018 - -50 | -30 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 2000 | (N/A) 200 0.4 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 100 | 300 | (N/A) 200 0.3
SE
0
5
3
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 F -100 | 167 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 0 | 500 | (N/A) # 700 1.4 2007-2018 + 200 | 300 | (250) 1980-2018 + 800 | 1200 | (1000) 700 1.1
SK
151
381
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.3
2007-2018 + 100 | 250 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 300 | (N/A) 568 1.1 2007-2018 + 50 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 50 | 100 | (N/A) 700 1.1
UK
N/A
N/A
1110
p
mean
genuine
#
5.3
2001-2016 + N/A | N/A | (574) 1978-2016 + N/A | N/A | (30733) # 9600 18.6 1989-2009 + 209.68 | 209.68 | (N/A) 1970-2009 + 9500 | 9500 | (N/A) 9600 14.9
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 16700 25000 p + + 51400 NE NE 49000 62100 i + + Secure Secure A B Secure Larus melanocephalus