Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Melanitta nigra s. str., Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana]). Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE
BG
CZ
DE
DK
EE
ES
FI estimateExpert
FR
GIB
IE estimatePartial
IT
LT
LV
NL
PL
PT
SE estimatePartial
SI
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE
BG
CZ
DE
DK
EE
ES
FI completeSurvey
FR
GIB
IE estimatePartial
IT
LT
LV
NL
PL
PT
SE estimatePartial
SI
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK estimatePartial
EE completeSurvey
ES estimateExpert
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GIB estimateExpert
IE estimatePartial
IT estimatePartial
LT completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT estimatePartial
SE completeSurvey
SI completeSurvey
UK completeSurvey
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
BE
1000 4500 2400 i mean method 0.1 2007-2018 F N/A 1987-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-85) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
BG
0 36 N/A i estimate knowledge 2000-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
CZ
0 6 N/A i estimate noChange 2008-2019 x N/A 1980-2019 x N/A # keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
DE
N/A N/A 1050000 i mean genuine 62.3 2003-2016 + 125 | 545 | (285) 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) # keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
DK
184000 371000 N/A i estimate method # 16.5 2008-2016 - -69 | -38 | (N/A) 1980-2016 u N/A # keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
EE
12000 240000 N/A i estimate knowledge # 7.5 2006-2017 = 0 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2017 = 0 | 20 | (N/A) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
ES
244 4480 1769 i estimate noInfo 0.1 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (141) 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
FI
1000
2000
1500
p
estimate
noChange
19.5
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 10800 6.5 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 + 2 | 2 | (N/A) 187 1145 666 i minimum genuine 2007-2018 + 103 | 1620 | (522) 1980-2018 + 365 | 17837 | (2917) keywintering 10800 6.5 Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
FR
12664 31932 21685 i minimum noChange 1.3 2007-2017 u -40 | 29 | (-11) 1980-2017 - -38 | -2 | (-22) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
GIB
10 50 50 i estimate noChange 2001-2012 u N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
IE
18
31
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2012-2018 - -54 | -21 | (N/A) 1987-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-61) # 1200 0.7 2012-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1991-2018 + N/A | N/A | (50) # N/A N/A 10607 i mean noInfo # 0.6 2004-2016 x N/A 1980-2016 x N/A keywintering 1200 0.7 Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
IT
26 40 N/A i estimate method # 2009-2015 - -70 | -20 | (N/A) 1991-2015 - -85 | -70 | (N/A) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
LT
20 160 N/A i estimate noInfo 2013-2018 u N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
LV
2485 5163 3383 i interval noChange 0.2 2009-2018 - -78.7 | -35.5 | (-62.3) 1991-2018 u -71.3 | 1691.2 | (145.4) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
NL
892 40245 24100 i mean noInfo 1.4 2006-2017 - -96 | -57 | (-87) 1987-2017 - -99 | -80 | (-95) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
PL
9200 28900 18000 i mean noChange 1.1 2011-2018 - -84 | -39 | (-68) 1980-2018 x N/A # keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
PT
7600 13700 N/A i estimate method # 0.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
SE
5000
7800
6100
p
estimate
noChange
79.5
2007-2018 u -51 | 71 | (-7) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (20) 150800 91.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 2000 7000 4500 i mean genuine 0.3 2007-2018 + 100 | 361 | (206) 1980-2018 + 1304 | 3046 | (2006) keywintering 150600 91.3 Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
SI
0 1 N/A i estimate noChange 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) keywintering Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
UK
N/A
N/A
52
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.7
2001-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-17) 1978-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-63) 2400 1.4 1989-2009 - -57.89 | -57.89 | (N/A) 1970-2009 - -50 | -50 | (N/A) N/A N/A 133615 i mean genuine # 7.9 2005-2016 + N/A | N/A | (156.4) 1980-2016 + N/A | N/A | (1150) # keywintering 2400 1.4 Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 6000 9900 p x + 165000 NE NE 1420000 1950000 i + = Unknown Secure E B Secure Melanitta nigra s. str. (sensu stricto [excluding americana])