Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Warning: The map does not show the distribution for sensitive species in CY, LT

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Sensitive spatial information for this species is not shown in the map. Current selection: 2013-2018, Merops apiaster. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY estimateExpert
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
ES estimatePartial
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU estimatePartial
IT estimateExpert
LT completeSurvey
LV estimatePartial
PL estimateExpert
PT estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SI completeSurvey
SK estimateExpert
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY estimateExpert
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SI completeSurvey
SK estimateExpert
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
FR
GR
HR
HU
IT
LT
LV
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
1100
2200
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2017 + N/A | N/A | (77) 1981-2017 + N/A | N/A | (2800) 9500 1.0 2007-2018 + 20 | 30 | (N/A) 1981-2018 + 300 | 400 | (N/A) 9200 0.9
BE
5
11
8
p
estimate
genuine
2008-2018 + 233 | 633 | (433) 1973-2018 + 400 | 1000 | (700) # 397 # 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (107.85) 1973-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) # 5300 0.5
BG
20000
60000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.0
2001-2018 + 10 | 15 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 20 | 25 | (N/A) 79389 8.1 2001-2018 + 5 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 5 | 10 | (N/A) 82200 8.2
CY
100
250
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 + 0 | 25 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 1700 0.2 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (21) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 1700 0.2
CZ
700
900
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1300) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (13300) # 7100 0.7 2002-2016 + N/A | N/A | (150) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (364.28) # 6800 0.7
DE
2000
2300
N/A
p
mean
genuine
2004-2016 + 250 | 433 | (333) 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) 21147 2.2 2004-2016 + 41 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2016 + 181 | 1000 | (N/A) 21600 2.2
DK
N/A
N/A
8
i
estimate
genuine
#
N/A
2006-2017 + N/A 1980-2017 x N/A # 300 1996-2017 + N/A 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (200) # N/A N/A
ES
2966654
3915000
N/A
p
interval
knowledge
83.0
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - N/A 217592 22.2 2007-2018 - N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 230500 23.1
FR
8000
15000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.3
2007-2017 = N/A 1990-2017 + 0 | 100 | (N/A) 84200 8.6 2013-2018 + 15 | 30 | (N/A) 1989-2018 + 50 | 70 | (N/A) 84000 8.4
GR
4000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.1
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 82200 8.4 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 77000 7.7
HR
5000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
0.2
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 18639 1.9 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (20) 23700 2.4
HU
20000
30000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
#
0.6
2007-2018 = N/A 1997-2018 x N/A # 51873 5.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 52400 5.3
IT
7000
13000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.2
2000-2014 + 15 | 30 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 225 | 250 | (N/A) 153600 15.7 2007-2018 + 15 | 20 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 250 | 255 | (N/A) 153600 15.4
LT
25
35
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2013-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-10) 1980-2018 + 2400 | 3400 | (N/A) # 300 2006-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (300) 300
LV
5
10
6
p
estimate
genuine
2012-2017 - -62.39 | -46.85 | (-55.28) 1980-2018 x N/A # 400 2000-2017 + N/A | N/A | (300) 1980-2017 x N/A # 400
PL
200
300
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2008-2018 + 40 | 60 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 250 | 300 | (N/A) N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
100000
500000
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
#
7.2
2004-2018 - N/A 1980-2018 - N/A # 58600 # 6.0 2005-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-8) 1980-2018 = N/A # 57300 5.8
RO
200000
400000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
7.2
2008-2018 u -9 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 174600 17.8 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 171500 17.2
SI
40
150
N/A
p
mean
genuine
2007-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 1700 0.2 2007-2018 + 30 | 50 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (138) # 1500 0.1
SK
700
1300
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 17028 1.7 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 17800 1.8
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 3330000 4960000 p = - 805000 NE NE Secure A B Secure Merops apiaster