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Article 12 > Species summary

Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Motacilla flava, Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis]). Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)		 Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE estimateExpert
BG estimatePartial
CY estimateExpert
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK estimatePartial
EE estimateExpert
ES estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimateExpert
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change ℹ % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude ℹ
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
FI completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR estimatePartial
HU completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI absentData
SK estimateExpert
UK completeSurvey
Area
ℹ % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude ℹ Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
ES
FI
FR
GR
HR
HU
IT
LT
LU
LV
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change ℹ % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude ℹ Status Distrib. % MS
AT
900
1300
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 - -30 | -15 | (N/A) 1981-2018 x N/A 6000 0.3 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (35) 1981-2018 + 20 | 40 | (N/A) 5000 0.2 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
BE
15900
35400
25700
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2008-2018 - -50 | -28 | (-40) 1973-2018 + 161 | 480 | (321) # 23087 # 1.2 2008-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-9.27) 23800 1.2 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
BG
100000
450000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
3.0
2001-2018 - -15 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 5 | (N/A) 89788 4.5 2001-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 92300 4.7 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
CY
10
55
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 400 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 400 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
CZ
800
1600
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
 #
2007-2018 u N/A | N/A | (7) 1982-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-16) # 27900 1.4 2002-2016 + N/A | N/A | (21.19) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (30.84) # 27500 1.4 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
DE
82000
155000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.3
2004-2016 - -31 | -10 | (-21) 1980-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-16) 254891 12.8 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (0) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (0) 266900 13.6 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
DK
N/A
N/A
3762
p
estimate
genuine
 #
2006-2017 = -20.9 | 70.41 | (16.82) 1984-2017 - -89.72 | -73.14 | (-83.33) # 25700 1.3 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (12.22) 1974-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-18.92) # 25600 1.3 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
EE
3000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
 #
2007-2018 - -99 | -88 | (N/A) 1983-2018 - -128 | -92 | (N/A) 27200 1.4 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (2) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-45) 10900 0.6 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
ES
1089632
1605143
N/A
p
interval
noChange
14.6
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + N/A 95018 4.8 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + N/A 99500 5.1 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
FI
463388
604374
524301
p
mean
genuine
5.7
2007-2018 = -18 | 7 | (-7) 1980-2018 - 65 | 78 | (72) 213400 10.7 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 - 29 | 29 | (N/A) 212900 10.8 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
FR
110000
160000
N/A
p
estimate
method
1.5
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-30.4) 2001-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-13) 211100 10.6 2009-2017 = 0.5 | 2.5 | (N/A) 1985-2017 + 12 | 16 | (N/A) 210300 10.7 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
GR
70000
110000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
1.0
2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 70600 3.5 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 63100 3.2 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
HR
10000
50000
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
0.3
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 517 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 62900 3.2 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
HU
75000
150000
N/A
p
interval
genuine
 #
1.2
2007-2018 - -52 | -33 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -48 | -27 | (N/A) # 64671 # 3.2 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 65600 3.3 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
IT
100000
200000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.6
2012-2017 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + N/A | N/A | (400) 94900 4.8 2007-2018 = N/A 1993-2018 + 55 | 60 | (N/A) 94900 4.8 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
LT
9000
18000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.1
2013-2018 - -10 | -5 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -50 | -30 | (N/A) 25400 1.3 2006-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -50 | -40 | (N/A) 25400 1.3 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
LU
50
100
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 - -60 | -40 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -90 | -70 | (N/A) 154 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 2400 0.1 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
LV
8527
25400
14717
p
interval
genuine
0.2
2005-2018 u -68.3 | 194.6 | (N/A) 1995-2018 - -98.83 | -53.52 | (N/A) 21300 1.1 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-40) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-59) 21300 1.1 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
NL
40000
70000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.6
2006-2017 + 5 | 26 | (15) 1984-2017 - -26 | -1 | (-14) 41400 2.1 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (0.72) 1977-2015 = N/A | N/A | (-5.47) 38400 2.0 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
PL
1485000
1644000
N/A
p
interval
genuine
16.9
2007-2018 - -26 | -13 | (-20) 1980-2018 x N/A # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
PT
1000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
 #
2007-2018 u N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 9000 # 0.5 2005-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-31) 1980-2018 = N/A # 9000 0.5 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
RO
3792724
4743598
N/A
p
interval
method
46.2
2008-2018 + 1 | 9 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 158000 7.9 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 153600 7.8 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
SE
414000
515000
464000
p
estimate
genuine
5.0
2007-2018 + 14 | 42 | (28) 1980-2018 = -30 | 30 | (0) 421500 21.2 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 418800 21.3 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
SI
4000
4500
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2008-2018 u N/A | N/A | (26.8) 1980-2018 x N/A 2600 # 0.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (7) # 2400 0.1 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
SK
2500
4000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - -25 | -10 | (N/A) 28129 1.4 2007-2018 - -10 | -1 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-8) 28900 1.5 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
UK
N/A
N/A
19314
p
estimate
genuine
 #
0.2
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-10.45) 1980-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-69.2) # 78500 3.9 1989-2009 - -25.02000 | -25.02000 | (N/A) 1970-2009 - -32.15 | -32.15 | (N/A) 1900 0.1 Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status		 Contribution
to Target 1		 Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 4950000 7540000 p = - 2060000 NE NE Depleted B B Secure Motacilla flava ([excluding tschutschensis])