Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Tyto alba. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT estimatePartial
BE estimatePartial
BG estimatePartial
CY estimateExpert
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
ES estimatePartial
ESIC estimatePartial
FR estimatePartial
GIB N/A
GR estimatePartial
HR completeSurvey
HU estimatePartial
IE estimatePartial
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
MT completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL estimateExpert
PT estimatePartial
PTMA estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI estimatePartial
SK estimatePartial
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY estimateExpert
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
ESIC absentData
FR estimatePartial
GIB N/A
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE estimatePartial
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
MT completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
PTMA completeSurvey
RO estimatePartial
SE estimateExpert
SI absentData
SK estimatePartial
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
ESIC
FR
GIB
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
MT
NL
PL
PT
PTMA
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
30
60
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 - -50 | -20 | (N/A) 1981-2018 - -30 | -10 | (N/A) 3700 0.3 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-20) 1981-2018 x N/A 3500 0.2
BE
1300
2100
1700
p
estimate
method
#
1.4
2008-2018 u -37 | 2 | (-17) 1973-2018 + 30 | 110 | (70) 30082 # 2.1 2008-2018 = N/A | N/A | (4.65) 1973-2018 = N/A | N/A | (6.78) 30400 2.1
BG
600
1000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.7
2000-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 17586 1.2 2000-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 10 | (N/A) 18400 1.3
CY
250
750
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.4
2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 10 | 40 | (N/A) 5700 0.4 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (14) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 5700 0.4
CZ
150
240
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.2
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-25) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-70) # 14900 1.1 2002-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-40) 1986-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-53.99) # 14900 1.1
DE
14500
26000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
16.7
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-11) 1980-2016 + 41 | 180 | (N/A) 264609 18.7 2004-2016 - -30 | -11 | (N/A) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) 272400 19.1
DK
N/A
N/A
300
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.2
2006-2017 = -96.04000 | 234.04000 | (-55.39) 1980-2017 + 38.72 | 2301.81 | (492.86) # 11400 0.8 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (225.71) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (103.57) # 11500 0.8
ES
25000
45000
N/A
p
interval
genuine
28.8
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-50.8) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-26.8) 65216 4.6 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-50.8) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-26.8) 69900 4.9
ESIC
400
500
N/A
p
minimum
noInfo
#
0.4
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 4700 # 0.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 5400 0.4
FR
10000
35000
N/A
p
estimate
method
18.5
2007-2017 F -50 | 100 | (N/A) 1980-2017 x N/A 264800 18.7 2013-2018 = N/A 1989-2018 = N/A 264100 18.6
GIB
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
noChange
N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
GR
3000
6000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
3.7
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 199100 14.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 191700 13.5
HR
1500
2500
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
1.6
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 4500 0.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 4300 0.3
HU
346
860
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.5
2007-2018 - -10 | -5 | (N/A) 1998-2018 - -15 | -5 | (N/A) # 18881 1.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1998-2018 = N/A # 24400 1.7
IE
562
702
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
#
0.5
1995-2018 u N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 14300 # 1.0 1991-2011 + N/A | N/A | (76) 1980-2011 - N/A | N/A | (-56) # 14300 1.0
IT
6000
13000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
7.8
2007-2018 x N/A 1993-2018 + 0 | 8 | (N/A) 214300 15.1 2007-2018 - -10 | -5 | (N/A) 1993-2018 + 40 | 45 | (N/A) 214300 15.1
LT
5
20
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
2013-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A 100 # 2006-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 F N/A 100
LU
100
150
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.1
2007-2018 - -30 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 F N/A 63 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1900 0.1
MT
N/A
N/A
0
p
estimate
noChange
#
2008-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 0.00000 # 2008-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # N/A N/A
NL
1250
3600
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2.0
2006-2017 + 19 | 31 | (25) 1980-2017 + 1934 | 2164 | (2046) 40500 2.9 2000-2015 + N/A | N/A | (15.71) 1977-2015 + N/A | N/A | (48.89) 37400 2.6
PL
1000
1500
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.0
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 - -60 | 0 | (N/A) N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
5000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
6.2
2009-2017 - N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 17300 # 1.2 2005-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-69) 1980-2018 = N/A # 17300 1.2
PTMA
500
1000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.6
2008-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 = N/A # 1700 0.1 2001-2018 F N/A 1980-2018 = N/A # 1700 0.1
RO
500
1500
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.8
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 26300 1.9 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 25900 1.8
SE
0
10
5
p
estimate
genuine
2007-2018 - -75 | -25 | (-50) 1980-2018 + 50 | 200 | (100) 2500 0.2 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 - -90 | -50 | (-75) 2500 0.2
SI
80
130
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2002-2017 x N/A 1980-2017 = N/A # 1500 # 0.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (155) # 1500 0.1
SK
100
300
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.2
2007-2018 - -40 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -80 | -50 | (N/A) 1084 2007-2018 - -30 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -60 | -40 | (N/A) 1100
UK
4000
14218
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
7.5
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (5.35) 1970-2016 u -41 | 111 | (N/A) # 190500 13.5 1989-2009 + 67.99 | 67.99 | (N/A) 1970-2009 = 2.25 | 2.25 | (N/A) 189100 13.3
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 75900 165000 p - = 1380000 NE NE Secure A B Secure Tyto alba