Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 , in EU28 for the period 2013-2018 and in EU 27 for the period 2019-2024.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The 'Audit trail' includes the methods used for the EU biogeographical assessments and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.
Some inconsistencies may appear in the data reported by Member States. To ensure the robustness of the EU-level assessments, all assessments
undergo expert review. Where inconsistencies or potential errors are identified, they are documented transparently and per bird taxon in the assessment audit trail.

Map is only available at subspecific level.

Legend
I
Increasing
S
Stable
Unk
Unknown
D
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
U
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES‘ correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.

The delayed delivery by Romania did not allow the Romanian report to be used for the EU population status assessment. Where possible, data available to the BirdLife network were used for the EU assessments

Current selection: 2019-2024, Ciconia ciconia. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from gridded maps (km2) Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DE completeSurvey
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
EL completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
HR completeSurvey
HU completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT completeSurvey
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT completeSurvey
SE completeSurvey
SI completeSurvey
SK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change ℹ % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude ℹ
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG completeSurvey
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
EL completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
HR completeSurvey
HU completeSurvey
IT completeSurvey
LT completeSurvey
LU completeSurvey
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT completeSurvey
SE completeSurvey
SI estimatePartial
SK estimatePartial
Area
ℹ % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude ℹ Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE completeSurvey
BG
CZ
DE
DE
DK
EE
EL completeSurvey
ES completeSurvey
FR completeSurvey
HR
HU
IT estimatePartial
LT
LU
LV
NL completeSurvey
PL
PT estimatePartial
SE estimatePartial
SI
SK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change ℹ % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude ℹ Status Distrib. % MS
AT
375.0
584.0
p
interval
genuine
0.5
2013-2024 I NA | NA | 21 1980-2024 I NA | NA | 43 # 19100.0 0.2 2013-2024 I NA | NA | 11.0465 1990-2024 I NA | NA | 35.461 25100.0 2.5 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
BE
160.0
266.0
213.0
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2013-2024 I 0.39738 | 1.32314 | 0.860262 1973-2024 I 319 | 531 | 425 4775.0 0.04 2013-2024 I NA | NA | 3.38476 1973-2024 Unk NA | NA | NA 100.0 140.0 120.0 i mean First time reported 0.2 2013-2024 I 0.3 | 2.4 | 1.1 2005-2024 I 0.07 | 1.1 | 0.5 5600.0 1.1 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
BG
6929.0
6929.0
6929.0
p
estimate
knowledge
#
6.6
2013-2024 I NA | NA | 18.89 1980-2024 I 18 | 63 | NA # 83300.0 0.9 2013-2024 S 0 | 5 | NA 1980-2024 I 5 | 15 | NA # 97600.0 9.9 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
CZ
509.0
876.0
p
estimate
method
0.7
2015-2024 S NA | NA | 4.93 1982-2024 S NA | NA | 2.67 # 45600.0 # 0.5 2013-2024 S NA | NA | -7.33591 1985-2024 S NA | NA | -3.42052 # 49100.0 5.0 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
DE
6500.0
7500.0
p
mean
genuine
9.8
2010-2022 I 294 | 422 | 354 1980-2022 I 295 | 1017 | 566 10836309.05 96.9 2010-2022 I 41 | 100 | NA 1980-2022 I 46 | 240 | NA 122800.0 24.3 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
DE
3100.0
p
mean
genuine
3.0
2010-2022 S -17 | 3 | -8 1980-2022 S -18 | 100 | 29 8432338.73 91.3 2010-2022 S -10 | 10 | NA 1980-2022 S -30 | 45 | NA 95000.0 9.7 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
DK
10.0
p
estimate
genuine
0.01
2012-2023 I NA | NA | 233 1980-2023 D NA | NA | -60 1500.0 # 0.02 2014-2023 I NA | NA | 200 1974-2023 D NA | NA | -71 2000.0 0.2 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
EE
4500.0
5500.0
p
estimate
genuine
4.8
2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1993-2024 I 175 | 205 | NA 29000.0 # 0.3 2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 I 11 | 12 | NA 32100.0 3.3 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
EL
2676.0
p
estimate
knowledge
2.5
2013-2024 I NA | NA | 13 1980-2024 I NA | NA | 78 38900.0 0.4 2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 I NA | NA | 10 1.0 8.0 5.0 i mean First time reported 5.3 2013-2024 U -17 | 3 | -7 1989-2024 S 1 | 8 | 4 46700.0 4.8 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
ES
42144.0
p
estimate
genuine
#
59.3
2012-2023 I 1.47 | 24.99 | 12.67 2002-2023 I 5.86 | 29.13 | 16.94 # 197400.0 # 1.8 2012-2024 Unk NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 Unk NA | NA | NA # 45000.0 i minimum First time reported 85.3 2012-2023 I NA | NA | 10.3 1990-2023 I NA | NA | 580.2 210300.0 41.6 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
FR
5650.0
5769.0
p
estimate
genuine
#
8.0
2012-2023 I 157 | 162 | NA 1974-2023 I 15594 | 16867 | NA 59000.0 0.5 2009-2024 I NA | NA | 52 1985-2024 I NA | NA | 340 1635.0 2550.0 2093.0 i minimum First time reported # 4.0 2013-2024 I 127.79 | 300.92 | 203.3 1993-2023 I 1433.06 | 4856.21 | 2671.82 66200.0 13.1 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
HR
1741.0
1821.0
p
interval
genuine
1.7
2013-2024 I NA | NA | 5 1980-2024 S NA | NA | NA 23900.0 0.3 2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 S NA | NA | NA 27200.0 2.8 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
HU
4000.0
5250.0
p
estimate
genuine
#
4.4
2013-2024 F NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 F NA | NA | NA 77341.0 0.8 2013-2024 D NA | NA | -13 1980-2024 D NA | NA | -13 86200.0 8.8 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
IT
320.0
330.0
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.5
2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1993-2024 I NA | NA | 3200 13800.0 0.1 2013-2024 U NA | NA | NA 1993-2024 I NA | NA | 519.611 263.0 i minimum First time reported # 0.5 2011-2020 I NA | NA | 63.8534 1993-2020 I NA | NA | 4304.93 16600.0 3.3 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
LT
16600.0
p
estimate
genuine
15.8
2013-2024 D NA | NA | -15 1980-2024 I NA | NA | 300 70400.0 0.8 2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 S NA | NA | NA 77400.0 7.9 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
LU
1.0
2.0
p
mean
noChange
0.0
2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 I 100 | 200 | NA 6.0 0.0 2013-2024 S NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 I NA | NA | 100 100.0 0.02 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
LV
13164.0
p
estimate
genuine
12.6
2012-2024 D -48.8 | -8.56 | -31.58 1995-2024 S -44 | 26 | -16.39 67300.0 0.7 2002-2015 D -10.27 | -9.91 | -10.09 1982-2015 D -1.5 | -0.64 | -1.07 # 71000.0 7.2 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
NL
1100.0
1700.0
1400.0
p
mean
genuine
2.0
2012-2023 I 274 | 361 | 315 1986-2023 I 447.541 | 3.42547e+006 | 55554 20800.0 0.2 2011-2023 I NA | NA | 0.664 1977-2023 I NA | NA | 12 600.0 1000.0 800.0 i mean First time reported # 1.5 2012-2023 I 3 | 189 | 73 1981-2023 I 16886 | 52589 | 29787 21800.0 4.3 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
PL
43000.0
53000.0
48000.0
p
interval
method
45.8
2013-2024 S -6 | 22 | 7 1980-2024 I 41 | 74 | NA # 299200.0 # 3.2 2013-2024 Unk NA | NA | NA 1980-2024 S NA | NA | 8 # 309800.0 31.5 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
PT
14257.0
p
minimum
genuine
20.1
2015-2024 I NA | NA | NA 2004-2024 I NA | NA | NA 55400.0 0.5 2013-2021 S NA | NA | NA 1999-2021 S NA | NA | -6 3500.0 6500.0 4471.0 i estimate First time reported 8.5 2018-2024 I NA | NA | NA 2005-2024 I NA | NA | 30.3 62600.0 12.4 Ciconia ciconia | W Europe & North-west Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa
SE
50.0
70.0
60.0
p
estimate
genuine
0.06
2013-2024 I NA | NA | 6000 1980-2024 I 5000 | 7000 | 6000 2100.0 # 0.02 2013-2024 S NA | NA | 0 1996-2024 I 1500 | 2500 | 2000 70.0 110.0 90.0 i estimate First time reported # 94.7 2013-2024 I 7000 | 11000 | 9000 1980-2024 I 700 | 1100 | 900 2300.0 0.2 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
SI
246.0
312.0
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.3
2013-2024 I NA | NA | 25 1999-2024 I NA | NA | 55 10900.0 # 0.1 2013-2024 I NA | NA | 25 1999-2024 I NA | NA | 76 14300.0 1.4 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa
SK
1350.0
1550.0
p
estimate
genuine
1.4
2013-2024 I 10 | 15 | NA 2000-2024 I 10 | 20 | NA 34021.48 0.4 2013-2024 S 0 | 0 | NA 2000-2024 S 0 | 0 | NA 47200.0 4.8 Ciconia ciconia | Central & Eastern Europe/Sub-Saharan Africa