Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Current selection: 2013-2018, Apus apus. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT estimatePartial
BE estimateExpert
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK estimatePartial
EE estimateExpert
ES estimatePartial
ESIC estimateExpert
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GIB estimateExpert
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU estimateExpert
IE completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
MT completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL completeSurvey
PT estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK completeSurvey
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
ESIC absentData
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GIB estimateExpert
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
MT completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO estimatePartial
SE estimatePartial
SI absentData
SK estimateExpert
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
ES
ESIC
FI
FR
GIB
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
30000
60000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.3
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1981-2018 x N/A 44400 1.5 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-38) 1981-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 43700 1.5
BE
39400
71600
55500
p
estimate
method
0.3
2008-2018 u -46 | 26 | (-19) 1973-2018 x N/A 30641 # 1.0 2008-2018 = N/A 1973-2018 = N/A 32100 1.1
BG
8000
20000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2001-2018 - -30 | -20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 5 | 10 | (N/A) 52366 1.7 2001-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 5 | 10 | (N/A) 54900 1.9
CY
13000
63000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.2
2007-2018 u -13 | 5 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 7000 0.2 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (22) 1980-2018 x N/A 7000 0.2
CZ
60000
120000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.6
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 71400 2.4 2002-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-2.61) 1986-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-1.15) # 69500 2.4
DE
185000
345000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.6
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-13) 1980-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-26) # 325199 10.8 2004-2016 = -10 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2016 = -30 | 40 | (N/A) 335500 11.3
DK
N/A
N/A
10518
p
estimate
genuine
#
2006-2017 = -35.82 | 45.34 | (-2.75) 1980-2017 - -33.95 | -1.74 | (-19.4) # 34000 1.1 1996-2017 = N/A | N/A | (2.1) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (22.3) # 34100 1.1
EE
50000
100000
N/A
p
estimate
knowledge
0.5
2007-2018 = -16 | -11 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = N/A 51600 1.7 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-1) 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-2) 18900 0.6
ES
10270274
14395391
N/A
p
interval
genuine
76.9
2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-25.9) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-30) # 284938 9.5 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-6.6) 1980-2018 - N/A 301500 10.2
ESIC
1
50
N/A
p
minimum
noInfo
#
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 3400 0.1 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 3900 0.1
FI
75000
150000
100000
p
interval
genuine
0.6
2007-2018 - 25 | 53 | (41) 1980-2018 - 26 | 70 | (53) 203500 6.8 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2010 + 6 | 6 | (N/A) 203300 6.9
FR
400000
800000
N/A
p
estimate
method
3.7
2007-2017 x N/A 1989-2017 x N/A 445900 14.8 2013-2018 - -10 | 0 | (N/A) 1989-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 443500 15.0
GIB
2000
2000
2000
p
estimate
noChange
2001-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 1980-2018 F -2000 | 2000 | (2000) 2 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 200
GR
50000
70000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.4
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 x N/A 198100 # 6.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 167800 5.7
HR
100000
500000
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
1.9
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 16500 0.6 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 16500 0.6
HU
3000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 10041 # 0.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 10500 0.3
IE
19154
97976
51728
i
interval
genuine
#
N/A
2006-2016 - -47 | -27.6 | (-38) 1980-2016 x N/A 52400 1.8 2006-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-34) 1972-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-52.8) # 51600 1.7
IT
500000
1000000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
4.7
2000-2014 = N/A 1993-2018 = N/A 310600 10.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1993-2018 + 10 | 15 | (N/A) 309100 10.4
LT
50000
100000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.5
2013-2018 - -10 | -5 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-10) 32100 1.1 2006-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 31400 1.1
LU
1800
2700
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
2007-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -50 | -20 | (N/A) 1185 # 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 2400
LV
63880
154055
99203
p
interval
method
0.6
2005-2018 + 20.1 | 497.7 | (174.6) 1991-2017 + 56 | 58 | (N/A) 55300 1.8 2000-2017 - N/A | N/A | (-16) 1980-2017 = N/A | N/A | (4) 54900 1.9
MT
31
49
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (135) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (135) # 10 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (30) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (30) 500
NL
40000
60000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.3
2007-2017 - -16 | -6 | (-11) 1989-2017 x N/A 40200 1.3 2000-2015 = N/A | N/A | (0.5) 1977-2015 = N/A | N/A | (2.29) 38200 1.3
PL
64000
187000
N/A
p
interval
knowledge
0.8
2007-2018 = -3 | 27 | (11) 1980-2018 x N/A # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
100000
1000000
N/A
p
estimate
N/A
#
3.4
2004-2018 - N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 73700 # 2.5 2005-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-17) 1980-2018 = N/A # 72100 2.4
RO
15000
60000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.2
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 13200 0.4 2007-2018 + 1 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 13100 0.4
SE
234000
287000
259000
p
estimate
genuine
1.6
2007-2018 - -25 | -8 | (-17) 1980-2018 - -78 | -70 | (-74) 369400 12.3 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 368500 12.4
SI
3000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2008-2018 - -50 | -40 | (N/A) 1980-2018 x N/A 9000 # 0.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (28) # 8700 0.3
SK
20000
40000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
#
0.2
2007-2018 - -20 | -10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 = N/A 40403 1.4 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 42400 1.4
UK
42977
75133
59055
p
interval
genuine
#
0.4
2004-2016 - N/A | N/A | (-41.24) 1995-2016 - -58 | -49 | (-53) 225600 7.5 1989-2009 = N/A 1970-2009 = N/A # 224900 7.6
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 12400000 19700000 p - - 2980000 NE NE Near Threatened C B Secure Apus apus