Article 12 web tool

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Population status and trends at the EU and Member State levels

The Article 12 web tool provides an access to EU assessments and Member States’ data compiled as part of the Habitats Directive - Article 12 reporting process. The EU assessments have been carried out in EU 27 for the period 2008-2012 and in EU28 for the period 2013-2018.

Choose period, species and if relevant sub-specific unit.

Once a selection has been made the breeding distribution of the species can be visualized in a map.

The ‘Data sheet info’ includes notes for each assessment per species.

The ‘Audit trail’ includes the methods used for the EU assessment and justifications for decisions made by the assessors.

Warning: The map does not show the distribution for sensitive species in CY

Legend
+
Increasing
=
Stable
x
Unknown
-
Decreasing
F
Fluctuating
u
Uncertain

Codes ‘PT’, ‘ES ‘correspond to Portugal mainland (excluding Azores-PTAC and Madeira-PTMA) and Spain mainland (excluding Canary Islands-ESIC) respectively.
Similarly ‘UK’ stands for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (excluding Gibraltar-GIB).
The data from delayed delivery by Romania were not used for the EU population status assessment.

Sensitive spatial information for this species is not shown in the map. Current selection: 2013-2018, Corvus corax. Show all
Data from Member States reports
MS Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population Breeding area from
gridded maps (km2)
Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size Population trend Distribution size Distribution trend Population size Population trend
Min
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for population size as a whole:
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT estimatePartial
BE estimatePartial
BG estimatePartial
CY estimateExpert
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK estimatePartial
EE estimatePartial
ES estimatePartial
ESIC estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GIB completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimateExpert
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL estimateExpert
PT estimatePartial
RO estimateExpert
SE estimatePartial
SI completeSurvey
SK estimatePartial
UK estimatePartial
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude
Mouse-over texts for entries below show "Method used" reported for distribution surface area (in km²):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT completeSurvey
BE completeSurvey
BG estimatePartial
CY estimatePartial
CZ completeSurvey
DE estimateExpert
DK completeSurvey
EE estimatePartial
ES completeSurvey
ESIC estimatePartial
FI completeSurvey
FR estimatePartial
GIB completeSurvey
GR estimatePartial
HR estimateExpert
HU completeSurvey
IE completeSurvey
IT estimatePartial
LT estimatePartial
LU estimatePartial
LV completeSurvey
NL completeSurvey
PL absentData
PT estimatePartial
RO completeSurvey
SE estimatePartial
SI absentData
SK estimatePartial
UK completeSurvey
Area
% MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Min
Mouse-over texts below show "Method used" reported for population size value(s):
estimatePartial - based mainly on extrapolation from limited amount of data
estimateExpert - based mainly on expert opinion, with very limited data
absentData - insufficient or no data available
completeSurvey - complete survey or statistically robust estimate
Country Method used
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
ES
ESIC
FI
FR
GIB
GR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
Max
Best value Unit Type est. Change % MS ST period ST direction ST magnitude LT period LT direction LT magnitude Status Distrib. % MS
AT
2600
4100
N/A
p
estimate
method
0.9
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (10) 1981-2018 + 100 | 300 | (N/A) 86200 2.8 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (72) 1981-2018 + 40 | 60 | (N/A) 79300 2.6
BE
220
300
260
p
estimate
genuine
2008-2018 + 144 | 233 | (189) 1980-2018 + 21900 | 29900 | (25900) # 13303 # 0.4 2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (62.27) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (13000) # 15900 0.5
BG
1200
2000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.4
2000-2018 + 15 | 20 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 20 | 50 | (N/A) 74102 2.4 2000-2018 + 5 | 10 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 20 | 50 | (N/A) 77200 2.5
CY
2
6
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -30 | -10 | (N/A) 400 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - -80 | -60 | (N/A) 400
CZ
2000
4000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.8
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (10) 1982-2018 + N/A | N/A | (11) # 76800 2.5 2002-2016 = N/A | N/A | (9.18) 1986-2016 + N/A | N/A | (117.6) # 73700 2.4
DE
20000
28000
N/A
p
mean
genuine
6.3
2004-2016 + N/A | N/A | (29) 1985-2016 + N/A | N/A | (91) 319375 10.4 2004-2016 + 11 | 40 | (N/A) 1980-2016 + 41 | 180 | (N/A) 331600 10.9
DK
N/A
N/A
1253
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.3
2006-2017 + 30.73 | 140.22 | (77.9) 1984-2017 + 882.74 | 1470.28 | (1143.25) 49300 1.6 1996-2017 + N/A | N/A | (95.63) 1974-2017 + N/A | N/A | (524.05000) # 49300 1.6
EE
4000
5000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.2
2007-2018 = -19 | 11 | (N/A) 1983-2018 = 7 | 206 | (N/A) 51300 1.7 2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-2) 1980-2018 = N/A | N/A | (-2) 25000 0.8
ES
75707
170334
N/A
p
interval
knowledge
#
32.1
2007-2018 - -11.4 | -7 | (N/A) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-7) # 283652 9.3 2007-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-7) 1980-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-7) 300500 9.8
ESIC
2243
2297
N/A
p
minimum
genuine
#
0.6
2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (1) # 10600 0.3 2007-2018 + N/A | N/A | (37) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (2300) # 12500 0.4
FI
19667
26696
22491
p
interval
noChange
5.9
2007-2018 = -19 | 15 | (-3) 1980-2018 + 58 | 294 | (150) 273400 8.9 N/A N/A N/A 1980-2010 + 27 | 27 | (N/A) 272900 8.9
FR
10000
15000
N/A
p
estimate
method
3.3
2007-2017 = N/A | N/A | (0) 2002-2017 = N/A 176200 5.8 2013-2018 + 10 | 15 | (N/A) 1989-2018 + 10 | 30 | (N/A) 173100 5.7
GIB
1
1
1
p
estimate
noChange
2001-2018 F -1 | 1 | (1) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 6 2007-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 1980-2018 = 0 | 0 | (0) 200
GR
5000
10000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
2.0
2007-2018 = N/A | N/A | (0) 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (15) 161200 5.3 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 144600 4.7
HR
N/A
N/A
10000
p
minimum
N/A
2.6
2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 56548 1.9 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A 78400 2.6
HU
4000
6000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
1.3
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 4800 | 5900 | (N/A) # 59159 1.9 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 2020 | 3085 | (N/A) # 60200 2.0
IE
36350
76409
55878
i
interval
genuine
#
N/A
2006-2016 = -16.7 | 3.2 | (-7.3) 1980-2016 x N/A # 74600 2.4 2006-2016 + N/A | N/A | (11) 1972-2016 + N/A | N/A | (119.1) # 73600 2.4
IT
3000
6000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
1.2
2000-2014 = N/A 1993-2018 + 0 | 20 | (N/A) 142800 4.7 2007-2018 = N/A 1993-2018 + 50 | 55 | (N/A) 141500 4.6
LT
4500
9000
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
1.8
2013-2018 - -10 | -5 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 20 | 30 | (N/A) 73500 2.4 2001-2012 = 0 | 0 | (N/A) 1980-2012 + 30 | 40 | (N/A) 71700 2.4
LU
2
7
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
2007-2018 + 100 | 700 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 700 | (N/A) # 231 # 2007-2018 + 100 | 700 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 100 | 700 | (N/A) # 2500
LV
16770
48396
28488
p
interval
noChange
7.4
2005-2018 = -12.6 | 54.3 | (16.5) 1980-2018 x N/A 64300 2.1 2000-2017 = N/A | N/A | (-7) 1980-2017 = N/A | N/A | (5) 63000 2.1
NL
110
155
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
2006-2017 + 58 | 126 | (89) 1980-2017 + 1208 | 2169 | (1625) 11500 0.4 2000-2015 + N/A | N/A | (144.68) 1977-2015 + N/A | N/A | (2200) 11100 0.4
PL
26000
37000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
8.2
2007-2018 + 4 | 33 | (17) 1980-2018 + 800 | 1000 | (N/A) # N/A N/A 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 x N/A N/A N/A
PT
500
1500
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
#
0.3
2007-2018 - N/A 1980-2018 x N/A # 26900 # 0.9 2005-2018 - N/A | N/A | (-49) 1980-2018 = N/A # 26400 0.9
RO
27000
55000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
10.7
2008-2018 u -10 | 8 | (N/A) 1980-2018 + 30 | 50 | (N/A) 209000 6.8 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 1 | 20 | (N/A) 208500 6.8
SE
23000
42000
32000
p
estimate
noChange
8.4
2007-2018 = -13 | 7 | (-3) 1980-2018 + 24 | 74 | (46) 489500 16.0 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 = N/A 487200 16.0
SI
2600
4500
N/A
p
estimate
genuine
0.9
2008-2018 + N/A | N/A | (68) 1980-2018 x N/A 15500 # 0.5 2007-2018 x N/A 1980-2018 + N/A | N/A | (187) # 13700 0.5
SK
2000
4000
N/A
p
estimate
noChange
0.8
2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 10 | 25 | (N/A) 45523 1.5 2007-2018 = N/A 1980-2018 + 10 | 25 | (N/A) 48700 1.6
UK
N/A
N/A
10027
p
estimate
genuine
#
2.6
2004-2016 = N/A | N/A | (-5.88) 1970-2016 + N/A | N/A | (112) # 211600 6.9 1989-2009 + 72.73 | 72.73 | (N/A) 1970-2009 + 62.15 | 62.15 | (N/A) 210600 6.9
EU population status assessments
Breeding population Breeding distribution Winter population EU population
status
Contribution
to Target 1
Season Previous status Ssp. / subsp. unit
Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Area Short-term trend Long-term trend Population size (min) Population size (max) Unit Short-term trend Long-term trend Breeding Wintering
EU28 291000 554000 p = + 3040000 NE NE Secure A B Secure Corvus corax